General
What is a complex dysfunction caused by a lesion in the brain?
What is a stroke
What deficits would you observe in someone with a stroke in the following arteries: internal carotid, basilar, spinal, vertebral?
Respiration, coma, paralysis, locked-in syndrome.
What is an acquired communication disorder caused by brain damage that is characterized by impairment of language modalities?
What is aphasia?
How would you instruct a CVA patient to don a shirt (pullover)?
Pull the correct sleeve onto the affected arm. Pull the garment over the affected shoulder. Bend the head forward into the head opening. Put the unaffected arm into the other sleeve. Pull over the torso.
What is the single most important modifiable risk factor for ischemic stroke?
Hypertension
What are three possible causes of a stroke?
What is an ischemia, hemorrhage, TIA. (Others: TBI, neoplasms, infectious disease of the brain, cerebral anoxia, aneurysm)
A client presents with more UE involvement. What type of stroke would this be?
MCA (Middle cerebral artery)
What is characterized by the loss of all language skills?
What is global aphasia?
What might occur if a CVA client completes self-overhead range of motion?
What is impingement?
What is paralysis and incoordination of the organs of speech, which causes the speech to sound thick, slurred, and sluggish?
Dysarthria
What is the most important reason to use serial casting?
To “relax” the muscle spindles in a client with spasticity.
A client presents with cranial nerve involvement. What type of stroke is this?
PCA (Posterior Cerebral Artery)
What is characterized by poor speech production and agrammatism?
What is Broca's aphasia?
What are 3 intervention approaches to use with a client who suffered a CVA?
Top-down, client-centered, remediation, adaptation, activity analysis, task-oriented, NDT, repetition, transfer of learning, etc.
What is the most appropriate frame of reference to use for a CVA client that involves hands-on learning for teaching new movement?
NDT (Neurodevelopmental Treatment)
Neurological deficits must persist longer than how long to be labeled a CVA?
24 hours
A client presents with more LE involvement. What type of stroke would this be?
ACA (Anterior Cerebral Artery)
What is characterized by impaired auditory comprehension and feedback, along with fluent, well-articulated speech?
What is Wernicke's aphasia?
Following a recent CVA, how should you position the affected arm in bed?
Scapular protraction, supported by pillows at the hemiplegic arm to promote glenohumeral joint alignment.
Following a CVA, what are the two most common settings to discharge a patient following acute rehab?
Inpatient and SNF
What are 5 things the OTR anticipates as issues following a stroke?
Hemiplegia, AROM/strength, tone, subluxation, cognition, perception, vision, sensation, upper motor dysfunction, ineffective weight shifting, loss of postural control, ADL performance, functional mobility, sitting balance, and more.
Treatment for this deficit involves, “achieving trunk alignment and scapula stability in a position of upward rotation.”
What is a subluxation?
What is difficulty with word retrieval?
What is anomic aphasia?
What is an important goal post-CVA for postural support, functional mobility, and safety?
Weight-bearing
To prevent pain and contractures, this treatment method for soft tissue elongation involves splinting, casting, or positioning techniques.
Low-load/prolonged stretch (LLPS)