Stroke

Signs and Symptoms

100

The acronym BEFAST which helps people remember the signs of stroke stands for

What is balance, eyes, face, arm, speech, time?

200

This type of stroke comprises 87% of all strokes.

What is ischemic stroke?

300

Name 3 risk factors for stroke

What are tobacco use, DM, alcohol overuse, HTN, HLD, medication compliance with anticoagulants, family history, prior history of stroke?

400

When all three of these signs of stroke are present, the sensitivity for stroke is approximately 90%

What are face droop, arm weakness, and slurred speech?

500

Sudden onset of THIS symptom is associated with high suspicion of hemorrhage

What are sudden, severe headaches (worse HA of their life) especially with nausea/vomiting and/or obtundation?

Assessment

100

This imaging test is the most sensitive study in detecting acute ischemia.

What is MRI Brain with diffusion weighted imaging?

200

Focused history questions to ask concerning recent events

What are recent events like stroke, MI, trauma, surgery, bleeding? or "Last known well"

300

Specific medication question to ask early in triaging patients with concern for stroke.

What is asking specifically about anticoagulants?

400

Well validated stroke severity score used to assess for stroke, guide treatment, and determine prognosis. It is a requirement for stroke center certification.

What is the NIH stroke scale?

500

"Great mimicker" of stroke that is usually checked with a finger stick

What is hypoglycemia?

Treatment

100

Name 3 main strategies for acute treatment of stroke.

What are acute thrombolysis with tPA/tnk, endovascular thrombectomy, blood pressure management?

200

If patient eligible for TNK, blood pressure should be consistently less than...

What is 185/110?

300

24 hours is the treatment window for this intervention

What is endovascular thrombectomy?

400

How often are neuro assessments and Vital signed needed for TNK patients.

What is every 15 minutes?

500

Three main medication options for antithrombotic therapy for secondary prevention of CVA are...

What are ASA, Plavix, and Aggrenox (ASA/dipyrimidole)?

Prevention

100

Name 2 ways to prevent stroke by optimizing risk factors.

What are treat hypertension, control DM, HLD, ASA within 48 hours, warfarin/NOAC if have Afib, diet and exercise?

200

3 ways that stroke clinic is helpful for patients after a stroke

What are prevention of new CV event, education for patient and family, and treatment of chronic complications after stroke.

300

Etiology work up to prevent future strokes may include these diagnostic tests

What are vascular imaging, Echo, MRI brain, angiogram, genetic testing?

400

Name at least 3 treatable atherosclerotic stroke risk factors

What are HTN, DM, smoking, HDL? Others might include Afib, carotid artery stenosis.

500

What medication class is used to lower cholesterol to prevent strokes and reoccurrence. 

What is Statins? (Atorvastatin, Rosuvastatin)

Stroke Alerts

100

Who calls a stroke alert?

What is RN/LPN, Provider

200

When is a swallow screen done?

What is BEFORE anything by mouth?

300

How many symptoms from the acronym BEFAST, does the patient need to call a stroke Alert? 

What is ONE? 

400

What test is the priority to determine stroke treatment plan. 

 What is CT stroke head, CTA, CT Perfusion?

500

Where is the Stroke Box with the TNK?

What is the Pyxis, override Stroke?