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Warning Signs
NH Protocols
TIA Symptoms
MISC
Risk Factors
100
Identify three warnings signs for stroke? 50 bonus points for each additional warning sign you can identify
1. Weakness 2. Speech Disturbances 3. Unexplained dizziness or vertigo 4. Visual Changes 5. Sudden Severe Headache of unknown cause
100
Why is the time frame for onset of symptoms important
It will determine whether or not the patient will be a candidate for thrombolytic therapy.
100
Foggy vision is an indication of TIA in which artery?
What is Opthalmic artery
100
Acute ischemic stroke occurs when _______________ and prevents __________________.
Acute ischemic stroke occurs when the blood vessel is occluded and prevents perfusion of surrounding brain tissue.
100
Which risk factor has been identified as the #1 risk factor for primary and secondary stroke?
What is hypertension
200
Why is knowing the time of onset of stroke symptoms critical?
Time of the onset of stroke symptoms is critical for consideration of acute thrombolytic therapy.
200
What are you looking for in the Prehospital Stroke Scale
Facial Droop Arm Drift Speech
200
TIA's are often referred to as?
What is Mini Stroke
200
Name two types of strokes?
What is Ischemic and Hemorrhagic
200
Which risk factor increases the risk of stroke 1.5 – 3 times?
What is diabetes
300
Complete the following statement: ?“Clinical signs of stroke usually involve _________ on one side or _________ difficulty?”
“Clinical signs of stroke usually involve weakness on one side or speech difficulty?”
300
Name three things that should always be assessed or done with possible stroke patient's that is often missed?
What is Blood Glucose Anaylsis 12- Lead EKG Elevate head of the stretcher at 30 degrees
300
A TIA is said to have occurred if neurologic deficit resolves within ____ hrs.
24 Hours
300
What is important to know if a person has a hemorrhagic stroke?
What is if the person is on an anti-coagulant.
300
Identify three non-modifiable risk factors for stroke? 50 bonus points for each additional non-modifiable risk factor you can identify
Age Gender Race Prior stroke/TIA Heredity
400
True or False: Thrombotic stroke often occur during sleep.
True
400
What is the most important piece of information in your assessment?
What is when the patient was last seen well
400
Identify three symptoms of TIA affecting the cerebellar arteries.
Ataxia Vertigo Dizziness
400
What common cardiac rhythm seen in the elderly often causes ischemic strokes?
What is A-Fib
400
Identify four modifiable risk factors for stroke. 50 bonus points for each additional modifiable risk factor you can identify.
Hypertension High cholesterol Cigarette smoking Atrial Fibrillation Cardiac disease Diabetes Hypercoagulative states Obesity Excessive Alcohol Intake Physical Activity Stress Hormone replacement therapy
500
Stroke mimics include which conditions?
Post-ictal (unrecognized seizure) Systemic infection Tumour / abcess Toxic-metabolic disturbances
500
What are the "8 D's of Stroke Care" Improving Door to Needle Time?
Detection- early recognition of stroke symptoms Dispatch- Early activation and dispatch of EMS Delivery- Rapid EMS identification and management Door- Appropriate Triage to stroke center Data Decision Drug Disposition
500
Identify five symptoms of TIA affecting the posterior cerebral artery.
Dysarthria Dysphagia Diplopia Bilateral Blindness Motor/Sensory weakness Quadriparesis
500
Cushing's Triad happens when a person has increased intracranial pressure. This indicates a recent head or brain injury. What three signs indicate Cushing's Triad
Irregular Breathing Pattern Widening pulse pressures (difference between Systolic and Diastolic Bradycardia
500
Identify three possible causes for why African Americans have 2 time the risk of death and disability from stroke.
May be from: Higher incidence of smoking Hypertension Sickle cell anemia Other stroke-related risk factors