Stroke Types
87% of strokes make up this type that is caused by an occlusion of a cerebral artery
What is an ischemic stroke?
Difficulty swallowing that can lead to aspiration
What is dysphagia?
Mechanical retrieval of the occlusion in a cerebral artery that is done within 24 hours of symptom onset
What is a thrombectomy or embolectomy?
An uncontrolled disturbance in brain activity
What are seizures?
Regular turning and use of pressure-relieving devices can prevent this complication
What is skin breakdown?
Hemorrhagic stroke that is most commonly caused by an aneurysm. Most clients complain of a "thunderclap headache."
What is a subarachnoid hemorrhage?
Blindness in half of the visual field in one or both eyes
What is hemianopsia?
Osmotic diuretic given to decrease cerebral edema by pulling water out of the brain tissue
What is mannitol?
Cushing Triad is indicative of what stroke complication
What is increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?
Speaking slowly, avoiding completing the client's sentences, and providing emotional support can help with this stroke deficit
What are ways to enhance communication?
Bleeding into the brain tissue, often caused by uncontrolled hypertension
What is an intracerebral hemorrhage?
Paralysis of one side of the body
What is hemiplegia?
Calcium channel blocker given to prevent vasospasm in clients with subarachnoid hemorrhage
What is nimotop?
The patient is placed on a bladder training program to prevent this.
What is incontinence?
Use of thickened liquids, swallowing assessments, and the chin tuck technique helps with this stroke deficit
What is dysphagia?
Caused by bleeding into brain tissue, the ventricles, or subarachnoid space.
What is a hemorrhagic stroke?
Loss of the ability to recognize objects through a particular sensory system
What is agnosia?
Emergent medication for ischemic stroke that must be given within 4.5 hours of symptom onset
What is tPA?
Perform passive and active ROM exercises , strength building and early ambulation to help avoid this.
What is contractures?
Elevating the affected extremity can prevent what stroke complication
What is edema?
Transient ischemic attack
What is a transient ischemic attack (TIA)?
Impaired muscle control or coordination of voluntary movements
What is ataxia?
Removal of atherosclerotic plaque or thrombus from the carotid artery to prevent stroke.
What is carotid endarterectomy?
Aspiration from dysphagia can lead to this pulmonary complication
What is pneumonia?
Use of intermittent pneumatic compression devices, IVC filters, and anticoagulation can help prevent this complication from stroke
What is deep vein thrombosis?