Causes
A type of stroke caused by a blockage in an artery supplying the brain, and is the most common type.
What is an ischaemic stroke?
This complication arises from the depletion of ATP within brain cells
Cytotoxic edema
A presentation of a stroke affecting the left precentral gyrus
Right-sided hemiplegia
This is considered to be the most important modifiable risk factor for strokes
Hypertension
A type of stroke that commonly results from complications of cerebral aneurysms or AVMs
What is a haemorrhagic stroke?
This complication arises from disruption of the blood-brain barrier
Vasogenic edema
An occlusion in this artery can result in contralateral sensory loss of the lower limb
Anterior cerebral artery
This condition contributes to stroke risk by promoting atherosclerosis and impairing blood vessel function
Diabetes mellitus
Atrial fibrillation increases the risk of this type of stroke by allowing clots to form in the heart and travel to the brain
What is an embolic (ischaemic stroke)?
A region with decreased blood supply but has not yet undergone irreversible damage and may be salvagable
Ischaemic penumbra
An occlusion in this artery is likely to cause left-neglect syndrome
Right MCA superior division
This class of medications, can increase the risk of haemorrhagic stroke especially in patients with HTN
Anticoagulants
In this pathological response to stroke, ion imbalances result in excessive intracellular calcium
Excitotoxicity
An occlusion in this vessel may result in contralateral homonymous hemianopia with sparing of the macula
Posterior cerebral artery
Reperfusion injury can occur when blood flow is restored to the brain after ischaemia, and damage can result from the overproduction of a certain substance.
Reactive oxygen species
Broca's aphasia is most likely to result from occlusion of which artery, assuming left dominance?
Superior division of the left MCA