Saussure& Foundations
Who is known as the father of structuralist linguistics?
Ferdinand de Saussure
What is the smallest unit of sound in a language?
Phoneme
according to structuralists, language works as what kind of system?
a system of differences
which linguistic rejected structuralism and developed generative grammar?
Noam Chomsky
which Prague school linguist emphasized distinctive features?
Roman Jakobson
What two parts make up a linguistic sign, according to Saussure?
Signifier and signified
What is the smallest meaningful unit of language?
Morpheme
What principle means that language signs have meaning only in relation to others?
relational meaning
what is the name of Chomsky's concept that language ability is innate
Universal grammar
which French thinker applied structuralism to anthropology?
Claude Lèvi - Strauss
What terms did Saussure use to distinguish social language from individual speech?
Language and parole
What do we call a meaningful combination of morphemes?
word
what principle states that the relatiоnship between signifier and signified is not natural?
arbitrariness of sign
structuralism focuses on describing language, while generative grammar focuses on what?
explaining language competence or generation
Who is known for structuralist analysis of folktales?
Vladimir Propp
What type of analysis studies language as a fixed system at one point in time?
Synchronic analysis
What branch of linguistics studies sentence structure?
syntax
what is the process of breaking language into smaller units for analysis?
structural analysis
which school of thought developed as a critique of structuralism?
post-structuralism
which thinker created a structuralist model of narrative roles (actants)?
Algirdas Greimas
What is the title of the book that compiled Saussure's lectures?
Course in General Linguistics
what structuralist field studies how sounds function in systems?
phonology
what kind of oppositions did structuralists like Jakobson use in phonology?
binary oppositions
what field influenced by Saussure, studies all types of signs and symbols?
semiotics
Who critiqued structuralism's fixed meanings and introduced deconstruction?
Jacques Derrida