Types of Structures
This can be classified as a push or a pull
What is a force?
Lego pieces have these types of joints.
What are rigid/interlocking joints.
A measure of the amount of matter in material.
What is mass?
When you kick a soccer ball, you produce this type of internal stress on the ball.
What is compression.
Eventually a side of the mountain broke off in a landslide due to this type of failure
What is shear failure?
When designers plan their structures to withstand conditions, they hypothesize what will occur. Good designs strike a compromise between _______ and ______.
cost and safety
This includes the weight of the structure itself and other permanent parts of the structure
What is a dead load?
The shape, colour, texture, etc. of a structure is this type of component of a structure.
What is aesthetic.
This is the correct term for the force of gravity acting on a structure.
What is weight
This type of internal stress occurs within a rope during a game of tug-of-war
What is tension?
When the center of gravity goes outside of a base this is what happens to the structure
What is fall over?
An arch is a good design to direct the forces along angled components. The arch is held together by this central stone called this
What is the keystone
This is anything with a definite size and shape, which serve a definite function.
What is a structure?
What are the three categories of materials that can be used to build a structure?
Composite, Layered, & Woven/Knit
5 types of internal forces exist. Give 3 examples.
Compression, tension, torsion, shearing, bending
Snap, twist, buckle bend and shear: The same behaviors of structural failure can also be put to good use. Give two examples where they could be helpful.
Car bumpers designed to buckle in the event of a collision, a boat's motor having a shear pin that can break off and allow the motor to spin freely instead of being damaged, spinning wheel twists cotton fibres so tightly that they lock together to form fabrics.
In a boat's outboard motor, the propeller is held to the engine with a shear pin. This pin breaks if the propeller gets tangled in the weeds. Why is the shear pin designed to fail?
What is to prevent further damage to the engine.
This is the strongest shape
What is a triangle :)
These types of structures are strong and hollow and have a thin outer layer that has a curved shaped to provide strength.
What is a shell structure?
Joints rely on/need ___________ in order to work.
What is friction
In order to properly describe a force acting on a structure, you would need these 2 qualities of the force
What are direction and size (magnitude)?
When bending a material, these two internal stresses are acting on the material
What are compression and tension?
When you continually bend a paperclip until it got warm and broke apart is due to this.
What is metal fatigue?
An egg has an incredible ability to resist ______________ because of it's double dome shape.
compression
The advantage to this type of structure is that it is mostly solid and holds itself together by its own weight.
What is a mass structure?
What is aesthetics, cost, appearance, environmental impact, energy efficiency, consumer demand and availability, and disposal of waste.
This type of support can be put up against a wall or structure in order to help resist internal resistance.
Buttresses, Flying Buttresses
This internal force occurs when you twist the material by turning the ends in opposite directions.
What is torsion?
During an intense game of tug-of-war, the rope withstood all the forces acting on it. The rope demonstrated this type of strength.
What is tensile strength (withstanding tension)
Designers have come up with four main types of bridges. Name all four.
Beam, truss, suspension and arch.