Types of Structures
A structure made of shell, frame, and solid parts.
Combination structure
True or false: Forces act on all structures.
True
What are the three things engineers design for
Loads, safety, and efficiency
What is the strongest 2D shape?
Triangle
True or False: Centre of Gravity is always located at the center of an object.
false
The pyramids in Egypt are what kind of structure.
Solid Structure
a force that acts on an object from outside the object
External Force
What are the three parts of the "Risk Management" Technique used by engineers?
1. ignore it
2. avoid the risk
3. design for the risk.
A 3D shape that evenly distributes the weight to both sides of the foundation (base) instead of concentrating it at one point
Arch
Fill in the blank: The centre of gravity of an object or structure determines its _________.
stability
mostly hollow; have space inside them; often make good containers; use little material so light for their size
True or false: Squeezing out the water from a towel is an example of a shear internal force.
False; it is an example of torsion
True
True or false: beams transfer loads vertically.
False; beams transfer loads horizontally
A racecar has what kind of centre of gravity?
low centre of gravity.
An igloo is what kind of structure.
Shell Structure
What are the four terms used to describe a force?
Magnitude, Direction, Point of Application, Plane of Application.
Fill in the blank: Using sensors, such as a fire alarm system, is an example of designing for ______
safety
Fill in the blank:Circles are more likely to bulge out when compression acts on them because they don't have _______ __________
straight edges/lines
A christmas tree has what kind of centre of gravity?
high centre of gravity.
The spaghetti and marshmallow structures we built in class were an example of this type of structure.
Frame Structure
What are the two types of external forces/loads? Define each
Static load: static=not changing) the materials the structure is made of and the effect of gravity on the structure
Dynamic load: the forces that move or change while acting on the structure; these forces change their magnitude, direction, and point and plane of application over time
Total Load = Static Load + Dynamic Load
rigid, edges
The key term associated with the centre of gravity is __________, this is the reason why we aim to make structures symmetrical.
balance