Philosophical Underpinnings
What are the goals of behavior analysis as a science?
Hint: 3 concepts
Description, Prediction, Control
What is the difference between a response and a response class?
Response: single instance of behavior
Response Class: group or set of responses that serve same function/impact on environment
Direct: Observe behavior as it is happening
Indirect: Interview, checklist, rating scales, or any subjective information
Describe Independent, Dependent, Confounding Variables
Independent Variable: Variable that is manipulated, changed, added, removed
Dependent Variable: Variable that is effected by the IV or other factors in the environment
Confounding Variable: type of variable that impacts the DV
Describe Responsibility as a Professional
Avoid fradulent or illegal situations
Accountable for all actions and to practice within scope of competence
Ensure correct documentation
Take appropriate steps to avoid multiple or exploitative relationships
Describe Description, Prediction, Control
Description: Facts about the event or behavior that are observable and measurable
Prediction: Repeated observations show two events correlate with each other
Control: Functional relation between IV and DV
Describe Respondent and Operant Conditioning
Respondent Conditioning: pairing of neutral stimulus with conditioned or unconditioned stimulus that results in the neutral stimulus acquiring the properties of the conditioned or unconditioned stimulus that elicits responses
Operant Conditioning: use of consequences to effect future occurrences of behavior
Describe Temporal Extent and Temporal locus
Extent: how long a response occurs for
Locus: where in time the behavior occurs
Describe Internal and External Validity
Internal Validity: changes to DV are result of IV and no other factors
External Validity: results of intervention/experiment are generalized to conditions outside of the intervention
Describe Responsibility in Practice
Ensure consent is given and received before sharing client information
Always consider medical necessity and social significance
Remove environmental conditions that impact treatment and progress
Determine appropriateness for treatment
Name at least 2 philosophical assumptions of Behavior Analysis
Selectionism
Determinism
Empiricism
Parsimony
Pragmatism
Philosophical Doubt
Describe Stimulus and Response Generalization
Stimulus Generalization: various stimuli evoke the same response
Response Generalization: one stimuli evokes various responses
Label and Describe at least 3 discontinuous measurement procedures
Partial Interval Recording
Whole Interval Recording
Momentary Time Sampling
PLACHECK
What are prediction, verification, replication and how do they relate to experimental design
Prediction: the hypothesis is related to what the outcome will be when measured
Verification: future data collected matches pattern of data collected in same condition
Replication: intervention is repeated and acquires the same results
Describe Responsibility to Clients and Stakeholders
Act in best interest of client
Only accept cases that are within scope of practice and that would be able to complete all treatment elements consistently
Document all services
Identify appropriate time to discontinue treatment
Describe the dimensions of ABA
Applied
Analytic
Behavioral
Conceptually Systematic
Effective
Generality
Technological
Describe MOs
Value Altering Effects
- Establishing Operation
- Abolishing Operation
Behavior Altering Effects
- Evocative
- Abative
What are level, trend, variability
Level: where data points are in relation to the y axis. Can be low, moderate, high
Variability: no identifiable trend. Represents the difference between data points
Trend: Direction of data path. Increasing or decreasing
Name at least 3 different experimental designs
Reversal
Multiple Baseline
Multiple Probe
Alternating Treatment
Changing Criterion
Describe responsibility to Supervisees and Trainees
Comply with all supervision requirements ( competence, volume, documentation, accountability)
Address diversity
Continuously monitor performance
Individualize supervision to each supervisee/trainee
Identify when to continue and when to terminate supervision
Define each dimension of ABA
Applied: changes are positive and socially significant
Analytic: Functional relation is demonstrated between what is changed in the environment and the behavior that is targeted for change
Behavioral: Observable and Measurable
Conceptually Systematic: Interventions should be consistent with behavior principles
Effective: significant and socially important level of change to the behavior
Generality: target behavior should change not only in learning environment but in other settings and contexts as well
Technological: Intervention should be replicable by anyone who reads the intervention
Describe each Conditioned MO
Reflexive: stimulus that gains the properties of an MO because it signals the change in environmental context (good or bad)
Transitive: stimulus that establishes or abolishes need for another stimulus
Surrogate: stimulus that is paired with another MO and acquires its properties
Describe when you would use continuous measurement, discontinuous measurement, and Event Recording
Continuous Measurement: collects every occurrence of a response. Best used when environmental conditions allow for accurate occurrences of all responses
Discontinuous Measurement: captures only some occurrences of responses. Best used in group settings or when environmental conditions do not allow for accurate recording of all responses
Event Recording: How many times a behavior occurs. Best used when a clear beginning or end of behavior can be determined
Describe component, comparative, parametric analysis
Component Analysis: Analyzing part of treatment package to determine which element is effective
Comparative Analysis: comparing two different treatments
Parametric Analysis: comparing different levels of IV
Describe the process for identifying and reporting ethical violations
1.) When appropriate alert the individual of the violation so they have chance to address and resolve ethical issue
2.) If violation is not resolved, report violation to the BACB
3.) If commiting violation yourself, report yourself to BACB and/or provide documentation of removal or resolution of violation