Genetics
What is a Gene?
A section of DNA that controls a trait
What is asexual reproduction?
Reproduction involving one parent
Why must variation exist for natural Selection?
Selection acts on differences between individuals
Which organelle modifies and packages proteins?
Golgi apparatus
What enzyme unzips DNA for transcription?
RNA polymerase
What is Heredity?
passing traits from parents to offspring
What is sexual reproduction?
Reproduction involving 2 parents
Why doesn't natural selection create needed traits?
It favors useful traits that already exist.
Which organelle produces most cellular energy?
Mitochondria
Where does translation occur?
At the ribosome
What is a dominant trait?
A trait that appears when at least one dominant allele is present
Which type of reproduction produces offspring that are very similar to the parent?
Asexual reproduction
Can an individual evolve during its lifetime?
No, populations evolve over generations.
Where are proteins assembled in a cell?
Ribosomes
What carries DNA's message to ribosomes?
mRNA
What is DNA?
The molecule that genetic contains information
Which type of reproduction creates more genetic variation?
Sexual reproduction
Why can a harmful trait remain in a population?
It may be hidden, neutral, or linked to benefits.
Which organelle breaks down waste materials?
Lysosome
What does a codon code for?
An amino acid
In pea plants, tall stems (T) are dominant over short stems (t). If two hybrid tall plants (Tt) are crossed, what percentage of their offspring will likely be short?
25% (tt)
Why can asexual reproduction happen faster than sexual reproduction?
Only one parent is needed, and the organism does not need to find a mate.
How can environmental change affect natural selection?
It changes which traits improve survival and reproduction.
Which organelle controls what enters and leaves?
Cell membrane
How does tRNA help build proteins?
It carries amino acids to the ribosome