Cell theory and structure
Who discovered cells? by doing what?
Robert Hooke by observing cork
What does the endoplasmic reticulum do?
Transports proteins and other materials
What is the difference between a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell?
Prokaryotic cells have no nucleus and no membrane bound organelles.
Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and organelles
What are the 4 nitrogen bases on DNA?
A, T, G, C
What are the 2 main jobs of DNA?
Ensuring the production of proteins according to this information
What does the cell membrane do?
Controls what enters and leaves the cell
Chloroplasts do what? and where are they only found in?
They use sunlight to perform photosynthesis and are only found in plants
Give an example of a prokaryotic cell?
Bacteria
What are the repeating subunits called that make up DNA?
Nucleotides
Which of the bases pair together?
A-T, G-C
What does the Nucleus do? does it contain something special?
Directs cell activity and contains DNA
Cell walls do what? where are they only found?
Provides structure and support and only found in plants
Give an example of a eukaryotic cell?
Plants, Animals, Fungi, Humans, Amoebas
What is the shape that the nucleotides are in?
Double Helix
A change in the DNA sequence
What does the ribosome do?
Builds proteins from Amino Acids
What does a central vacuole do? where is it only found?
Stores water and nutrients only found in plants
What are some of the ways that different living organisms can be classified?
Cell Type, Number of cells, Method of nutrition, Genetic similarities and reproductive methods
Name the 3 parts of a DNA nucleotide?
Phosphate, Deoxyribose Sugar, Nitrogen Base
What 3 things can happen during a mutation?
No effect, Beneficial, Harmful
What does the mitochondria do?
Produce energy through cellular respiration
What is the difference between animal cells and plant cells?
Plants have a cell wall, chloroplasts and large central vacuole. Animal cells do not have these but may have centrioles and smaller vacuoles
DNA UNIT IS HERE!!!
YAYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYY!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
What is the function of proteins?
Perform most of the work in cells, act as enzymes, structural components and signaling molecules
What DNA strand is complementary to C-T-A-G-T-C-G-A-A-T-C
G-A-T-C-A-G-C-T-T-A-G