Le Chatelier’s Principle/Ocean Acidification/Antacid Neutralization Rxns
N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⇌ 2NH3(g) + 92 kJ
(a) The pressure is increased, (b) The temperature is increased, and (c) Nitrogen gas is added to the system
HCl is a strong acid, meaning it dissociates completely in water. To calculate the pH, you need to determine the concentration of hydrogen ions ([H+]) and then use the pH formula.
What is the limiting reactant in the following reaction if you start with 8.5 moles of A and 5.0 moles of B?
Therefore, the limiting reactant is B.
The molar mass of
What is the rule for writing chemical formulas?
To represent the elements in a compound using their chemical symbols and indicate the number of each atom with subscripts
SO2(g) + 2H2(g) ⇌ S(s) + 2H2O(g) + heat
(a) Hydrogen gas is removed. (b) A catalyst is added. (c) The volume of the reaction container is increased.
Increased atmospheric CO2 leads to ocean acidification, a decrease in ocean pH. This is because CO2 reacts with seawater, forming carbonic acid, which then dissociates, releasing hydrogen ions (H+) and lowering the pH.
What is the definition for Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs
Conjugate acid-base pairs are acids and bases that differ by a single proton (H+). The acid is the proton donor, and the base is the proton acceptor.
In a double displacement reaction, two reactants exchange ions, resulting in the formation of two new compounds. These new compounds can be?
A precipitate, a gas, or a molecular compound
What is the name for chemical formula?
molecular formula
What is the cause for Ocean Acidification
Ocean acidification is the ongoing decrease in the pH of the ocean due to the absorption of excess carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere.
What are acids and bases?
Acid: Substances that release hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water. They have a pH below 7.
Bases: Substances that release hydroxide ions (OH-) when dissolved in water. They have a pH above 7.
What are ways to identify limiting reactants?
How to tell if a single displacement reaction occurs?
Look for visual signs like a color change, gas formation, or precipitate formation
What is the definition for Intermolecular Forces
Intermolecular forces are attractive forces between molecules. They are weaker than intramolecular forces but still important for determining physical properties like boiling point, melting point, and viscosity
What impact does Ocean acidification have on Marine Life?
Ocean acidification makes it harder for marine organisms, like shellfish and corals, to build and maintain their shells and skeletons, which are made of calcium carbonate
What are pH and pOH?
pH: A logarithmic scale that measures the acidity or basicity of a solution, ranging from 0 to 14. A pH of 7 is neutral.
pOH: A logarithmic scale that measures the alkalinity of a solution, also ranging from 0 to 14. It is related to pH by the equation: pH + pOH = 14.
What are Mole ratios?
Mole ratios are the ratios of moles of reactants and products in a balanced chemical equation.
The reaction 2H₂O → 2H₂ + O₂ is an example of?
Decomposition
What is Hydrogen Bonding
A strong type of intermolecular force where a hydrogen atom, bonded to a highly electronegative atom (N, O, or F), is attracted to the lone pair of electrons on another electronegative atom
What is the purpose of Antacid Neutralization Reactions
Antacids are used to neutralize excess stomach acid (hydrochloric acid, HCl), providing relief from symptoms like heartburn.
What are some reasons for climate change?
Greenhouse gasses, human impact, Ocean Acidification
How do you determine Mole ratios
Use the coefficients in the balanced equation to determine the ratio of moles of reactants and products.
Balance the following equation: __ C2H6O + __ O2 → __ CO2 + __ H2O
The balanced equation is: 1 C2H6O + 3 O2 → 2 CO2 + 3 H2O
What type of Intermolecular Forces are there?
London Dispersion Forces, Dipole-Dipole Forces, Hydrogen Bonding, and Ion-Dipole Forces