Language Types
The language one interprets from or original language that needs to be interpreted.
What is the Source Language?
A distinct variety of a language pertaining to a particular geographic area by features of phonology, grammar, and the use of vocabulary.
What is a Regional Dialect?
An interpreter who sells their services by a specified timeframe or job rate rather than working on a regular wage basis for one employer; also referred to as a freelance interpreter.
What is a Contract Interpreter?
When another bilingual person who is present in the interpretation session (such as a family member or an in-person interpreter), believes that the Interpreter has made an error and corrects the Interpreter.
What is a Second Error?
The language one interprets into; the end goal or target language.
What is the Target Language?
A word, phrase, idiom or syntax feature of the English language that is used in another language.
What is an Anglicism?
An untrained person, such as a family member or friend, or a bilingual staff member who has not been trained as an interpreter or assessed for medical terminology fluency.
What is an Ad Hoc interpreter?
Interpreting that takes place in health care settings of any sort, including doctor's offices, clinics, hospitals, home health visits, mental health clinics, and public health presentations. Typically, the setting is an interview between an English-speaker (doctor, nurse, lab technician) and a LEP person (or the LEP person and one or more family members).
What is HealthCare Interpretation?
The interpreter's native language.
What is “A” Language?
A style of communication that uses easy-to-understand, plain language with an emphasis on clarity, brevity, and avoidance of overly complex vocabulary.
What are Lay Terms?
Limited-English Proficient (individual; a legal concept referring to a level of English proficiency that is insufficient to ensure equal access to public services provided in English without an interpreter. (Source ASTM)
What is an LEP?
The principle that everything that is said by any party in an interpreted conversation should be rendered in the other language so that everything said can be heard and understood by everyone present (NCIHC). Transparency also involves interpretation that does not unduly impact or influence the communication process between English-speaker and LEP person.
What is Transparency?
The language of which the interpreter is highly proficient.
What is “B” Language?
An expression or saying whose meaning is different from the literal meaning of the individual words it contains.
What is an Idiom?
A person who interprets in the course of communication in the local community among speakers of different languages; a community interpreter is generally a member of a certain community and may play many roles in the community, one of which is interpretation; the community interpreter may or may not be a trained interpreter. (NCIHC)Contract
What is a Community Interpreter?
During this type of interpreting, the interpreter and speaker take turns speaking.
What is Consecutive Interpreting?
A fixed way of saying something every time it is spoken, such as in religious rituals (e.g., prayers) or formal proceedings (e.g., court).
What is Frozen language?
A word that is spelled or pronounced similarly in the source and target language; however, the meaning is not the same in the source and target language.
What is a False Cognate?
An individual who has received education and/or training, and who has been deemed qualified to provide interpret but whose skills have not been tested.
What is a competent or Non-Certified Interpreter?
During this type of interpreting the interpreter speaks at the same time as the speaker. This mode of interpreting is used mainly in court, and generally to interpret from English into the source language.
What is Simultaneous Interpreting?
The use of language adhering to the primary or strict meaning of words.
What is Literal Language?
The level of formality and choice of vocabulary/ syntax, used by the speaker in a particular setting, and determined by such factors as social occasion, context, purpose, and audience.
What is Register?
Convert a written message from one language to a written message in another language.
What are Translators?
This requires interpreters to read and translate a written document orally.
What is Sight Translation?
The level of formality and choice of vocabulary/ syntax, used by the speaker in a particular setting, and determined by such factors as social occasion, context, purpose, and audience.
What is Register?
A distinct variety of a language pertaining to social status such as education levels.
What is Social Dialect?
Convert a spoken message from one language to another.
What are Interpreters?
A way of saying something other than the literal meaning of the words by involving implied comparisons and associations such as metaphors, analogies, and exaggerations.
What is Figurative Language?
The situational or personally distinctive use of language such as formal and informal modes of speaking or writing?
What is style?
An interpreter whose interpreting skills have been objectively and reliably tested.
What is a Certified Interpreter?
An individual with appropriate training and experience who is able to interpret with consistency and accuracy and who adheres to a code of professional ethics. (NCIHC)
What a Professional Interpreter?
A member of a profession who assists in the provision or access to services.
What is an English-speaker?