Psychology as a Science
Define psychology.
The scientific study of mental processes and behavior
The type of psychology that focuses on how mental activities help a person adapt to their environment.
Functionalism
Wilhelm Wundt and Edward Titchener are known for their development of _____________, which was focused on understanding the conscious experience through introspection.
Structuralism
Who performed the first recorded psychological experiment?
An Egyptian Pharaoh
Hypothesis
A key feature of structuralism; asking patients to look inward and describe their feelings
Introspection
William James, who developed functionalism, was inspired by _________ theory of evolution.
Charles Darwin's
What was the goal of the Pharaoh's experiment?
To determine whether humans have the innate ability of language, and if so, which language
A broad explanation or group of explanations for some aspect of the natural world that is consistently supported by evidence over time is know as a(n) ______.
Theory
This type of psychology focuses on the role of a person’s unconscious, as well as their early childhood experiences.
Psychoanalytic theory
This psychologist argued that objective analysis of the mind was impossible, and his influence temporarily shifted the focus of psychological studies from the mind to behavior.
John B. Watson
Who did the Pharaoh send the infants to in order to keep them secluded?
A shepherd
The method for acquiring knowledge based on observation and experimentation
The empirical method
Early proponents of __________ argued that inner thoughts and feelings were not as important as observable actions.
Behaviorism
This researcher was famous for his research regarding conditioned responses.
Ivan Pavlov
In what century did the Pharaoh perform this experiment?
The 7th Century BC
Before the 1800s, psychology was included within the discipline of ________.
Philosophy
All workings of the mind were considered to be under the auspices of philosophy.
This type of psychology viewed the mind as a whole, rather than breaking it down into smaller parts.
Gestalt psychology
This psychologist's structural model of personality divided it into three parts -- the id, the ego, and the superego.
Sigmund Freud
The word most often repeated by the infants was "becos," the Phrygian word meaning what?
Bread