Miscellaneous
What are the 2 types of Nitrogenous bases?
Purines and Pyrimadines
How is Recombinant DNA made?
Its made by combining different DNA molecules
What is bacterial cell culturing?
A method of multiplying microbial organisms by letting them reproduce in predetermines culture mediums under lab conditions
What does DNA stand for and what is its function?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid and it functions as long term storage of genetic information
What is a gene?
A section of DNA on a chromosome that contains genetic code for a specific protein
The bonds that connect sugar molecules and are responsible for polymerization of nucleic acids
Phosphodiester Bonds
What is the smallest change in the DNA molecule that can occur after site-specific mutagenisis what effect can this change have
A change in the base pair it can change codons introns and exons
What kind of culture are mammalian cells grown in?
They grown in broth cultures
What nitrogenous base is specific to DNA and what is its complementary base?
Thymine is paired to Adenine.
What is transcription?
Process by which genetic information is copied into new molecules of RNA using DNA zas a template
How many base pairs in a human genome?
3 mil
Where does replication and transcription occur?
In the nucleus
What shape are eukaryotic chromosomes?
Linear
Which nitrogenous bases are pyrimidines and which purines?
Purines: Adenine and Guanine
Pyrimidines: Thymine and Cytosine
What is semiconservative replication?
A form of replication in which each original strand of DNA acts as a template or model for building a new side.
DNA is meaning that one helix chain faces the opposite direction of the other.
antiparallel
At what time can manipulation first occur in gene therapy?
When the multi-cellular organism first matures.
How many base pairs on each turn of a helix?
10
What protein copies DNA base sequences in transcription and DNA replication
Polymerases
What is molecular cloning?
Molecular cloning is a function of recombinant DNA technology that is used to assemble recombinant DNA and to direct there replication in hosts.
What is an R plasmid? Why does it contain a specific gene?
a plasmid that contains a gene for antibiotic resistance. It has an antibiotic resistant gene in order to insure that its DNA is replicated and so that researchers can easily distinguish the bacteria its in from others.
What things are important to molecular cloning?
Restriction enzyme
Ligase
rPlasmid
DNA Vector
What is used to visualize the movement of molecules in Gel Electroscopes?
They use loading dye
Why does DNA have a constant shape?
So that enzymes and regulatory proteins can work properly
What are histones and what do they do?
Group of proteins in chromatin. They help with gene regulation