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Terms Of Reference
The Bones
The Spine
The Joints
Muscle
100
List all four cues for anatomical position.
1. Standing Upright 2. Facing Forward 3. Arms at the side 4. Palms Forward
100
How many bones in the body?
206
100
What are the 4 major regions of the spine?
1. Cervical 2. Thoracic 3. Lumbar 4. Sacral
100
Define a joint
Where two bones meet.
100
Define muscle.
An organ made of cells specialized to contract for movement
200
What is the name for the plane that references the right and left side?
Sagital Plane
200
How many ribs are there?
24 Ribs
200
How many vertebrae are there in each spinal section?
1. Cervical - 7 2. Thoracic - 12 3. Lumbar - 5 4. Sacral - 5 Fuzed Bones
200
What are the three main functions of synovial fluid?
1. Nourishes/Lubricates the joints 2. Bathes the joint 3. Removes debris
200
What are the three types of muscle tissue?
1. Skeletal Muscle 2. Smooth Muscle 3. Cardiac Muscle
300
What is the name of the plane that references the front and back side?
Coronal Plane
300
What are the two major parts of the skeleton?
Axial and Appendicular
300
The cervical and lumbar spine have this type of curve.
Lordodic
300
What is joint congruency?
The fit of a joints articular surfaces.
300
What are the 5 main functions of muscles?
1. Moving bones 2. Moving fluids 3. Warms the body 4. Stabilizes the joints 5. Posture
400
What is the name of the plane that could be used to reference the top and bottom of the body?
Transverse Plane
400
List the three major types of bones and the role they play. The fourth is a bonus!
1. Flat - Protection & Muscle Attachment 2. Long - Serve as levers 3. Short - Weight Bearing 4. Irregular - Muscle Attachments or Articulation
400
The thoracic and sacral have this type of curve.
Kyphodic
400
Name the 3 major types of joints.
1. Ball and Socket 2. Hinge 3. Condyloid
400
Define Monoarticular and Polyarticular.
Monoarticular: Moves one joint. Polyarticular: Moves more than one joint.
500
Give the definitions for the following: 1. Anterior/Posterior 2. Superior/Inferior 3. Proximal/Distal 4. Superficial/Deep 5. Medial/Lateral
1. Front / Back 2. Above / Below 3. Closer to the trunk / Further from the trunk 4. Towards the surface / Away from the surface 5. Towards the midline (Internal) / Away from the midline (External)
500
Define the type of bone for: 1. Tarsals 2. Ribs 3. Ulna 4. Vertabrae 5. Scapula
1. Short 2. Flat 3. Long 4. Irregular 5. Flat
500
What are the 6 major movement of the spine?
1. Flexion 2. Extension 3. Rotation R 4. Rotation L 5. Lateral Flexion R 6. Lateral Flexion L Bonus: Decompression
500
List the types of movement for each joint type.
1. Ball and Socket - Circulation and Rotation 2. Hinge - Flexion and Extension 3. Adduction and Abduction
500
Define the three types of muscle contraction.
Concentric - The shortening of the muscle. Eccentric - The lengthening of the muscle (With the resistance of gravity) Isometric - No movement.