Substance Abuse

Seizures 101

100

Common treatment for patient with CIWA score of 21

What are benzodiazepines? 

200

Important predictor of withdrawal seizures

What is past history of withdrawal seizures?

300

Vital sign correlating with risk for seizures

Fever

400

Timeframe for seizure onset in alcohol withdrawal

What is 7 to 48 hours?

500

Medication used to treat withdrawal symptoms, may mask early changes in vital signs and increase seizure risk

What is Clonidine?

Medications

100

Mechanism of action of naltrexone

What is opioid antagonist?

200

Causes unpleasant effects when even small amounts of alcohol are consumed

What is disulfiram? (i.e. Antabuse)

300

Not naltrexone, a different drug used to decrease alcohol cravings

What is acamprosate? (i.e. Campral)

400

Medication Assisted Treatment for Opiate Use Disorder, unlikely to cause overdose

What is suboxone?

500

Action needed 5 minutes following Narcan administration in patient with breathing difficulty

What is re-administration of Narcan? 

What am I withdrawing from?

100

Grand mal seizures, negative BAC

What are benzodiazepines?

200

Irritability, anger, nervousness, insomnia, disturbing dreams, decreased appetite, depressed mood, shakiness

What is Cannabis?

300

Piloerection, dilated pupils, rhinorrhea

What are opiates?

400

tachycardia, pins and needles, light sensitivity, anxiety

What is Alcohol?

500

Dysphoric mood, fatigue, increased appetite, vivid/unpleasant dreams

What are stimulants?

What am I high on?

100

Decreased short-term memory, impaired perception and motor skills

What is marijuana?

200

Increased MCV, Decreased B12, Decreased Folic Acid

What is Alcohol?

300

Increased energy, sexual stimulation, decreased appetite; hallmark of toxicity may include combative, violent behavior; psychosis may be pronounced

What are Bath Salts?

400

Pinpoint pupils, respiratory depression

What are opiates?

500

Dilated pupils, edentulous

What is methamphetamine?

Assessment Tools

100

CIWA scale score range indicating need for supportive treatment without pharmacological intervention

What is 0 to 8?

200

Clinically significant CAGE screening

What is 2 or more?

300

Five categories on the COWS scale

What are resting pulse rate, sweating, restlessness, pupil size, bone or joint aches, runny nose/tearing, GI upset, tremor in hands, yawning, anxiety, gooseflesh skin

400

Popular 10-item screening tool for Alcohol Use Disorder

AUDIT (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test)

500

"G" is CAGE Screening

What is "Have you ever felt Guilty about your drinking?"