Substances
Caffeine and Nicotine are both
What are stimulants?
The organ inside the head that controls all body functions of a human being.
What is the brain?
The brain stops producing this on it's own due to continued substance use
What is dopamine, serotonin, etc.?
A live-in health care facility providing therapy for substance use disorders, mental illness, or other behavioral problems
What is residential/inpatient treatment?
The neurotransmitter responsible for regulating mood, digestion, and sleep
What is serotonin?
The liver metabolizes this substance at a constant rate
What is alcohol?
The body and brains chemical messengers
What are neurotransmitters?
The substance related to the cause of 600,000+ deaths since 1999
What is fentanyl/opioids?
The first stage of treatment
What is detoxification?
The brain learns to repeat behavior through _______ reinforcement.
What is positive reinforcement?
It can take up to 14 months for the brain to recover from this substance
What are stimulants/opioids/alcohol?
When the body requires a specific dose of alcohol/other drugs in order to prevent withdrawal symptoms
What is physical dependence?
Abuse of this substance can cause of bowel tissue decay, necrosis, and perforation in the stomach/intestines lining
What is chronic stimulant/methamphetamine use?
What does HALT stand for?
What is Hungry, Angry, Lonely, Tired?
The _____ model of addiction describes an addiction as a _____ with genetic, biological, neurological or environmental origin.
What is the disease model?
Dependence can form as quickly as a few days to 2 weeks
What are opioids?
When the effects of a substance are significantly reduced due to repeated use
What is tolerance?
The disorder that causes fat acculumuation on the liver due to chronic alcohol consumption
What is fatty liver?
The minimum length of time a person should stay in treatment for the best chance of staying sober,
What is 90 days?
Set of ongoing psychological and emotional symptoms that occur after the initial physical withdrawal phase, can last anywhere between 6 months to 2 years
What is protracted withdrawal/post-acute withdrawal?
The withdrawals can be fatal/result in death
When an individual shifts their addiction from one harmful substance or behavior to another.
What is cross addiction?
The final disease of the liver due to the production of scar tissue that cuts off oxygen, damage cannot be reversed
What is cirrhosis?
The use of medications in combination with other treatments, such as counseling, to treat opioid-use disorder and help sustain recovery
What is medication-assisted treatment/suboxone/methadone, etc.?
The limbic system is also known as the brains _____
What is reward pathway?
Endorphins are known as the body's "natural ____"
What are pain reliever?
The system of the body that controls intelligence, memory, personality, emotion, speech, and ability to feel and move
What is the central nervous system?
Heroin abuse has been linked to brain damage that resembles this neurodegenerative disorder
What is Alzheimer's?
_____ affects about 40% to 60% of a person’s risk for addiction
What are genetics?
Long acting opioids see withdrawal symptoms __ hours after last use
What is 36 hours?
The use of this substance leads to decreased dopamine transporters in the brain
What is methamphetamine/stimulants?
When tolerance to one substance causes tolerance to a different substance, despite no prior use
The development of Wernicke's Encephalopathy is the result of a lack of this vitamin in the brain due to chronic alcohol consumption
What is vitamin B/thiamine?
The use of Naltrexone, Antaabuses, and Campral
What are medications used to treat alcohol-use disorder?
The reabsorption of neurotransmitters into a neuron when they don't attach to a receptor
What is reuptake?