Withdrawal symptoms
Alcohol
Elevated heart rate
Sweating
Hand tremors
Insomnia
Nausea or vomiting
Visual tactile or auditory hallucinations
Psychomotor agitation
Anxiety
Seizures
Manifestations - can start within 4-12 H and last 5-7 Days
N/V
Tremors
restlessness
Mood instablity
Increased HR/BP/RR/Temp
Sweating
Seizures
Hallucinations
Medications
bupropion (wellbutrin)
Varenicline - banned for truck/ bus drivers air traffic controllers and airline pilots
Nicotine replacement therapy
Opioids
Nausea or vomiting
Dysphoric mood
Muscle aches
Rhinorrhea
Lacrimation
Pupillary dilation
Diarrhea
Elevated temp
Insomnia sweating or piloerection
Delirium
Occurs in 2-3 days, considered med emergency
Benzodiazepines
Elevated HR
Sweating
Hand tremors
Insomnia
N/V
Visual tactile or auditory hallucinations
Psychomotor agitation
Anxiety
Seizures
Abstinence maintenence- after withdrawal
Disulfiram
Daily oral med
Aversion therapy
Combined with ETOH induces - N/V, weakness, swelling, arrythmias
Naltrexone
suppresses craving and pleasurable effects of ETOH
Cocaine
Dysphoric mood
Increased appetite
Insomnia or hypersomnia Psychomotor agitation or retardation
Fatigue
Unpleasant dreams