Definitions
Define "Heart Attack"
The heart cannot get enough oxygen due to a blockage in one of the arteries that feed it
What is the care for a suspected Heart Attack?
ASA - Acetylsalicylic acid tablets
Nitroglycerin - spray form
What are the classic symptoms of a Heart Attack?
1) pain/pressure in the chest, neck, jaw, arm and/or shoulders
2)SOB
3) Dizziness
4) cool, pale and sweaty skin
Demonstrate what is the universal sign of choking?
must demo correctly
What is the difference between and a TIA and a Stroke?
TIA - Trans Ischemic Attack, resolves on their own, usually pretty quickly. Temporary loss of blood flow to the brain
Stroke - could causing major, lasting damage, constant blockage of blood to the brain, emergency
Define "Stroke"
The blood flow to the parts of the brain is interrupted.
What is the care for a suspected Stroke?
- most comfortable position
- record time when S/S started and when the person was last known well,
- Call 911
what is the difference between an allergic reaction and Anaphylaxis?
allergic reaction - minor in nature, topical (skin)
Anaphylaxis - severe reaction, life threatening, 2 or more systems involved.
(skin, breathing, stomach, alertness)
demonstrate the "recovery position" with a partner
must demo correctly.
How do you lower your risk of infection as a first aider?
wear your PPE, personal hygiene, clean your equipment
What is the acronym to remember when someone is suspected of experiencing a stroke? and what does it mean?
- FAST -
F- face (facial numbness/weakness/drooping)
A- arms (weakness, especially on one side)
S- speech (abnormal/loss of speech)
T- time (call 911 immediately)
What is the care for someone having a seizure?
- place on the floor if possible
- clear area to prevent injury
- when episode stops, check ABC's
- recovery position
- potentially call 911
Signs and symptoms of a Head/Neck/Spine injury
pain, fluids from the ears or nose, bruises around the eyes, impair vision, unequal pupil size, vomiting, incontinence.
demonstrate c-spine hold (manual stabalization)
How would you suspect if someone had a Head/Neck/Spinal injury?
vehicle collision, sports injury, concussion, physical traumas, fall from a height, found unresponsive
Define "Seizure"
an episode of unusual brain function
What is the care for someone who has fainted?
- recovery position
- ABC's
- call 911
What are the signs and symptoms of an allergic reaction?
swelling, redness, rash, bumps, itchiness,
demonstrate the basic care for bleeding
direct pressure
Explain your Primary Assessment.
Check the person.
ABC's
A- airway- open airway, head-tilt-chin-lift
B- breathing- 5-10 seconds, rise and fall of the chest
C- circulation- check head to toe for life-threatening bleeding
Define "syncope"
fainting
what is the care for someone experiencing a diabetic emergency?
- position of comfort
- if responsive and can swallow, provide a form of sugar
- monitor condition for 10 minutes
(if the person improves, encourage them to eat a full meal)
(if the person does not improve, call 911 and provide another form of sugar)
BONUS:
what is the best form of "sugar"
What are some typical s/s for shock?
anxiety, weakness, vomiting, rapid breathing, excessive thirst, confusion, shaking, clammy/cool skin
demonstrate getting consent (permission) to assist someone who is responsive.
Hi, my name is______, I am trained in First Aid, can I assist you?
Explain your "Secondary Assessment"
SAMPLE questions, vital signs, injury check/treatment