Basics of Trauma
This term describes trauma that is passed from one generation to the next through family dynamics, genetics, & social patterns.
Intergenerational Trauma
What is the most direct way trauma can be transmitted across generations?
First-hand exposure to events
What emotional symptoms might someone with intergenerational trauma experience?
Anxiety, depression, & hypervigilance
Breathing, grounding, & mindfulness help regulate this system in the body
Nervous System
The scientific process by which stress/trauma changes gene expression.
Epigenetics
When children copy parents' negative coping mechanisms, what type of transmission is this?
Parent modeling
What behavioral symptoms are common in people affected by trauma across generations?
Substance, aggression, & avoidance
Ceremonies, traditions, & rituals are examples of this protective factor
Cultural Resilience
A survival strategy passed on when children observe & adopt their parents' behaviors.
Social learning
Trauma can be passed down even if the original traumatic event is not consciously remembered. What is the process called?
Unconscious transmission of trauma
What relational difficulties might appear due to trauma?
Attachment issues or mistrust
Which concept emphasizes moving from "victim" to "thriver"?
Empowerment
The idea that healing one's own trauma can also heal future generations.
Breaking the cycle
When people experience multiple layers of oppression at once (race, gender, class, etc.)
Intersectionality
At the cultural or individual level, trauma can cause conflicts in what areas?
Identities and interpersonal relationships
This practice of acknowledging ancestors' experiences can be a step toward healing
Intergenerational Healing
What type of trauma is tied to cultural or group experiences, like genocide?
Collective Trauma
The process when dominant groups minimize or deny the historical trauma of marginalized groups.
Historical Erasure
What are some societal symptoms of intergenerational trauma?
Discrimination, prejudice, social isolation, or oppression
Menakem emphasizes that healing must include both mind and this
Body