Culture
Which architectural style does the statement describe?
Churches are often fortress-like, plain in decoration, with thick, massive walls aRomanesquerticulated by small windows.
Romanesque
Which year is considered the beginning of the Middle Ages?
The beginning of the Middle Ages is traditionally dated to 476 AD, the year of the Fall of the Western Roman Empire.
What do we call a manor?
A manor was a landed estate owned by a lord, where peasants lived and worked.
The main groups of medieval society:
Whose seat is located in Rome?
The Pope's.
What are the main characteristics of Gothic architecture?(name 3)
pointed arches, ribbed vaults, flying buttresses, large stained glass windows, tall, vertical structures richly decorated façades, rosewindow
What is the center of the Byzantine Empire?
Constantinople.
What is the demesne
The part of the estate managed directly by the lord. The peasant performs corvée labour here.
Who are the warriors?
The nobility.
Who are the caliphs?
Caliphs are the religious and political leaders of the Islam.
What are the stages of becoming a knight?
The stages are:
What is the two-field system?
Half of a given area was sown, while the other half was left fallow (rested), and they were alternated every half year.
What are the parts of a manor?
Arable land (divided into spring field, autumn field, and fallow), serf holdings, and common lands (such as pasture, forest, and mill).
Who are the serfs?
Peasants who live and work on the lord’s land.
Who are monks?
People devoted to a religious life, living in closed communities according to strict rules.
What is scholasticism?
A medieval (11th–15th century) Christian philosophy based on ancient philosophy, which recognized the sciences but considered faith primary as the path to ultimate understanding of the world.
What does the phrase “Town air makes you free” mean?
A serf who lived in a town for a certain period (usually a year and a day) became free.
What are the parts of a serf’s holding?
A house plot and a private-use garden.
What services did serfs owe to the lord?
Corvée labour (compulsory unpaid labor).
What service did serfs owe to the Church?
The tithe (one tenth of their harvest).
Name three of the seven liberal arts.
grammar (Latin grammar), rhetoric, dialectic, arithmetic, astronomy, geometry, music
What are guilds?
Associations of craftsmen or merchants who regulated their trade, maintained quality, and protected their members’ interests.
What is the manorial court (úriszék)?
The lord’s judicial right in legal cases concerning his peasants.
What was the Black Death?
A deadly plague that spread across Europe in the 14th century and killed millions of people.
What is Saint Benedict famous for?
He organized the Benedictine Order on Mount Monte Cassino, and he is the patron saint of Europe.