Unit 1 - Issues in Env. Science
What ecological relationship involves one organism being harmed and the other benefiting?
HINT: It is NOT Predation
Parasitism
What Earth sphere includes all of Earth's water?
Hydrosphere
What is the most abundant greenhouse gas that is driving global warming?
CO2
(Carbon Dioxide)
True or False:
Energy can be destroyed and created under special circumstances.
False: Energy cannot be created or destroyed
When defining a type of land, areas that have commercial businesses, cities, large scale transportation and residential areas are referred to as what?
Urban!
The quantity of a good that is available is known as the ______________
Supply
What geochemical cycle is associated with providing nutrients for plants and animals? Hint: The majority of this cycles material is stored in the atmosphere and makes up more than 70% of it!
The Nitrogen Cycle!
What is the greenhouse effect?
The trapping of heat within the atmosphere due to greenhouse gasses.
Infrared radiation interacts with Greenhouse gasses reflecting a portion of the gas back to Earth.
Define a RENEWABLE resource
A resource that can replenish itself within the span of a human lifetime and or a resource that can be used infinitely if it is cultivated and harvested.
What type of species are associated with long lifespans, small family sizes, and large organism sizes?
K or R?
K selected species.
The need or want for a material, good, or resource is known as?
Demand
What layer of the atmosphere is directly above the layer we live in? This layer contains the Ozone layer and it is where jets fly.
Stratosphere
The reflectivity of a material / surface is known as its ________________
Hint: Ice's ________ is very very high!
Albedo
What are at least 2 examples of fossil fuels?
At least 2 of the following
- Coal
- Natural Gas
- Oil/Petroleum
What type of species reproduces a LOT with hundreds/thousands of offspring with many of which dying before maturing? K or R?
R selected species
What ecological relationship involves one organism benefiting and the other one being unaffected?
Commensalism
Is high or low pressure associated with poor weather like storms and clouds.
Low Pressure
Ice albedo feedback where Ice melts, causing lower albedo, causing temperatures to rise, causing ice to melt more is an example of a ____________ feedback loop.
Positive!
What percentage of energy or biomass is passed to the next trophic level with the rest lost as heat.
Only 10% of energy or biomass is passed to the next trophic level, with the rest lost as heat.
The process in which contaminants are passed on from one trophic level to the next and are increased in their concentration is called bio____________
Hint: Bioaccumulation is the acquisition of the chemicals, not the increasing of concentrations
Biomagnification!
When a common shared resource is used up without any restrictions or legislation about what can be taken it is referred to as what?
Tragedy of the Commons
What causes the seasons of the Earth?
The tilt of the Earth / uneven heating of Earth's surface
Why does sea ice melting not contribute to sea level rise? What DOES contribute to sea level rise?
sea ice is already contributing to the oceans volume because it is less dense than the water but has the same volume.
- Land Ice melting
- Thermal expansion
What type of energy is associated with the splitting or fusing of atoms?
Nuclear Energy
Name at least one type/category of CHEMICAL hazard.
Any of the ones below will do, you do not need to describe them for points
Carcinogens: Cancer-causing chemicals
Chemical mutagens: Chemicals that cause genetic mutations
Teratogens: Chemicals that harm embryos and fetuses
Neurotoxins: Chemicals that affect the nervous system
Endocrine disruptors: Chemicals that interfere with the endocrine system
Allergens: Chemicals that over-activate the immune system