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Pre-Calculus
100
A reaction has both positive ΔS° and ΔH° values. From this information, it can be concluded that the reaction A.) can be spontaneous at any temperature. B.) cannot be spontaneous at any temperature. C.) cannot be spontaneous at high temperatures. D.) can be spontaneous only at low temperatures. E.) can be spontaneous only at high temperatures.
The correct answer is (E). For this problem, it is quite essential to know the equation ΔG = ΔH – TΔS. With a positive value of ΔS, the – TΔS term favors spontaneity. But at low temperatures, its contribution will be small. Hence, the ΔH will predominate and the reaction will be non-spontaneous (ΔG = positive). However, at higher temperatures, the magnitude of the – TΔS term increases and can overwhelm the positive ΔH term. In this case, the – TΔS predominates and the reaction is spontaneous (ΔG = negative) at high temperatures.
100
This is the acceleration at the very top point on the path of a projectile.
What is 9.8 m/s/s?
100
Arguing against the man instead of against the issue. Example: We can’t elect him mayor. He cheats on his wife! Or: He doesn’t really believe in the First Amendment. He just wants to defend his right to hold racist views.
What is ad hominem?
100
This was England's prevailing economic philosophy of the 1600s that held that colonies existed to serve the mother country.
What is mercantilism?
100
Complete the identity: ______ + 1 = cot^2 x
csc^2 x
200
2Al (s) + 3Cl2 (g) à 2AlCl3 (s) The reaction above is not spontaneous under standard conditions, but becomes spontaneous as the temperature decreases toward absolute zero. Which of the following is true at standard conditions? A.) ΔS and ΔH are both negative. B.) ΔS and ΔH are both positive. C.) ΔS is negative, and ΔH is both positive. D.) ΔS is positive, and ΔH is both negative. E.) ΔS and ΔH are both equal to zero.
The correct answer is (A). For this problem, it is quite essential to know the equation ΔG = ΔH – TΔS. If the reaction is spontaneous only when the temperature is very low, then ΔG is only negative when T is very small. This can only happen when ΔH is negative (which favors spontaneity) and ΔS is negative (which favors nonspontaneity). A very small value for T will eliminate the influence of ΔS.
200
This is the Newton's 3rd law pair for the weight of an object on Earth.
What is the force the object pulling on the Earth?
200
an argument that focuses heavily on expert opinions, statistics, and factual evidence.
What is appeal to authority?
200
After the war, tension between natives and colonists continued led by this Ottawa warrior chief.
What is Chief Pontiac?
200
ln e^7
7
300
An equilibrium mixture of the reactants is placed in a sealed container at 150°C. The amount of the products may be increased by which of the following changes? raising the temperature of the container increasing the volume of the container adding 1 mol of C(s) to the container A)II only B)I and II C)I only D)II and III E)III only
B-The addition or removal of some solid, as long as some remains some present, will not change the equilibrium. An increase in volume will cause the equilibrium to shift towards the side with more moles of gas (right). Raising the temperature of an endothermic process will shift the equilibrium to the right. Any shift to the right will increase the amounts of the products.
300
This is the rotational version of mass.
What is moment of inertia?
300
The deliberate use of ambiguity in a phrase or image--especially involving sexual or humorous meanings.
What is double entendre?
300
John Adams successfully defended the perpetrators of this horrific event, and anti-Royal leaders used it to spur action in the colonies.
What is Boston Massacre?
300
e^x + 5 = 66
x = 4.111
400
The slow rate of a particular chemical reaction might be attributed to which of the following? A) a low activation energy B) a high activation energy C) the presence of a catalyst D) the temperature is high E) the concentration of the reactants are high
B—Slow reactions have high activation energies. High activation energies are often attributed to strong bonds within the reactant molecules. All the other choices give faster rates.
400
A 5 kg loaded rifle is initially held at rest and then fired. The 0.05 kg bullet leaves the barrel at 450 m/s. This is the final momentum of the bullet-gun system.
What is zero?
400
The rhythm of a sentence that comes through parallel elements and repetition of sounds.
What is cadence?
400
John Adams successfully defended the perpetrators of this horrific event, and anti-Royal leaders used it to spur action in the colonies.
Who is Aaron Burr?
400
State the domain of this function: (x^2 +2)/(2x^2 - 5x - 3)
R, x cannot equal -1/2, 3
500
All of the following may serve as reducing agents, EXCEPT: A) Mg B) Cs C) Fe2+ D) MnO4– E) Br–
D—For a substance to serve as a reducing agent, it must be capable of being oxidized. The manganese, in the MnO4–, is already in its highest oxidation state, so it could not be oxidized. All other answers contain a substance that may be oxidized.
500
This is the normal force on a 10 kg object that rests on an incline that makes a 25 degree angle with the horizontal.
What is 90.6 N?
500
Using more words than required to express an idea; being redundant.
What is pleonasm?
500
This clause gave considerable law making powers to the Legislative Branch.
What is the elastic clause or necessary and proper clause?
500
State the period and amplitude of y=2tan(pi)(x)
Amplitude = 2, Period = 1