All about Ecosystems!
Rocks, sunlight, and water, or non-living things, are considered to be ________ factors.
Abiotic
The carbon cycle supports all life on earth. During cellular respiration organisms release _____ that is then used by plants to create sugar.
CO2
DNA replication happens in the ____ _____ of the cell cycle.
S phase
Genetic variation can come from ________ or __________.
mutations or sexual reproduction
When discussing nature-culture relationships humans are either considered to be _______ over nature or one with nature.
dominant
Components of a system include many different ______ and their interaction with each other and non-living things.
Species
Energy comes from the _______ and moves through producers as chemical energy that moves through a food chain of consumers.
sun
What are the two reasons cells need to divide?
growth and repair
The trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce in its environment is called _______. _________ __________ is when organisms with that trait survives and reproduces in the environment.
adaptation and natural selection
RNA transcribed from the DNA in order to undergo translation in the ribosome.
What is the complementary RNA sequence for the DNA below.
AGCTTTGCCAT
UCGAAACGGUA
Once a population goes over carry capacity a _________ happens in a population since the ecosystem can no longer support them.
decrease
Matter is a physical substance that is biochemically changed to different states. Matter can either be in the form of ________, __________, or _________.
solid, liquid, or gas
Alleles are considered to be different versions of the same __________.
gene
During DNA replication __________ can happen. This can potentially be beneficial or harmful to the organism depending on the environment they live in.
mutations
Producing non feathery seeds was a __________ adaptation that helped hawksbeard survive and reproduce more.
anatomical adaptation
A limiting factor is something that restricts the growth of a population. Limiting factors can either be abiotic or biotic. What are the three limiting factors researchers assumed led to wildebeest migration?
Starvation, Disease, and Predation
Photosynthesis is a process that is important for understanding the flow of energy from producers to consumers. What is the chemical equation for photosynthesis?
Sunlight + CO2 + H2O >> O2 + C6H12O6
During Prophase I of meiosis chromosomes go through the process of ________ ________ to create different combinations of alleles.
Genetic variations are the differences within a population's genetic makeup. High genetic variation is favorable for an environment because it ensures the resilience of a population. Genetic variations can either be _________, __________, or ___________.
behavioral, physiological, or anatomical
Energy in an ecosystem diminishes as it flows from one organism to the next in a food chain. What is the structured diagram called that visually represents how energy decreases at each step from producers to top consumers?
energy pyramid
A limiting factor can potentially help us determine the ________ _________ of organisms in an ecosystem. This, essentially, is the number of individuals a system can hold or support.
carrying capacity
Carbon dioxide is taken in during the process of photosynthesis. What happens to the carbon from carbon dioxide during photosynthesis?
It combines with other elements to create a sugar that is essential for plant survival.
UV radiation can potentially be harmful to DNA. When too much UV hits DNA it turns the nitrogenous base _____ into _____.
C into T
In the case of Darwin’s study on finches he determined that different organisms within one species express different traits due to what their environment requires. Environments introduce ________ ________ that can make it harder or easier for an organism to survive or reproduce.
selective pressures
Why is cellular respiration needed for the human body?
To produce the energy required to carry out life processes.
Ecosystems with high biodiversity are known to be _________ because when one species goes then another is able to perform the same ecological role.
resilient
Cellular respiration is the process in which chemical energy from photosynthesis is transformed into ATP that is used to power cellular processes. What is the chemical equation for cellular respiration?
C6H12O6 + O2 >> Energy + CO2 + H2O
Genes provide the instructions for making proteins that determine an organism’s characteristics. In order to be expressed genes must go through the process of protein synthesis. Describe the process of protein synthesis in order from transcription to translation.
DNA is transcribed into RNA. RNA goes from the nucleus to the ribosome. In the ribosome RNA is translated into proteins.
This scientist suggested that organisms evolve traits because they “need” them. He had a firm belief that if giraffes with short necks needed long necks then they could develop the trait without it already being in the gene pool.
Jean De Lemarck
The structure of DNA is described as a double helix that includes a sugar phosphate backbone. When it comes to understanding DNA structure, it’s important to know the difference between nitrogenous bases and nucleotides. Explain the difference between the two.
A nitrogenous base includes adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine. Nucleotides include the sugar and phosphate groups with the nitrogenous base attached.