Personality D/O
Suspiciousness and mistrust of others; tendency to see self as blameless; on guard for perceived attacks by others.
Cluster A: Paranoid
Typical: Haldol, Thorazine, Loxitane
Atypical: Abilify, Clozaril, Risperdal, Zyprexa, Seroquel
Typical Antipsychotics meds used in the treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar mania and psychosis (first generation/old drugs)
Atypical antipsychosis: second generation/newer drugs
Sigmund Freud developed this type of therapy. It focuses/explores unconscious processes and early experiences/relationships. The goal is to build insight over time.
Psychodynamic therapy / psychotherapeutic theory
Persistent deficits in social communication/interaction and restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
{Neurodevelopmental Disorders =Conditions that begin in the developmental period, often before school entry, causing impairment in personal, social, or academic functioning}
DAILY DOUBLE!!!
Characteristics: You feel comfortable with intimacy, vulnerability, and independence.
Relationship: You communicate needs clearly, trust partners, and manage conflict well.
View: Positive view of both self and others.
Secure Attachment
impaired social relationships; inability and lack of desire to form attachments to others
Cluster A: Schizoid
Prozac, Zoloft, Lexapro, Celexa, Cymbalta, Wellbutrin
Antidepressants are the primary prescription medications used to treat depression by helping to balance natural chemicals in the brain. These chemicals, called neurotransmitters, affect your mood, energy, and sleep
Focuses on how thoughts affect emotions and actions. It uses clear tools to address a negative thought. This approach is evidence-based and widely used.
Cognitive behavioral therapy CBT
A persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that interferes with functioning or development
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
{neurodevelopmental disorder}
Characteristics: You crave deep connection but harbor an intense fear of rejection or abandonment
In relationships: You seek frequent validation, feel overly dependent, and may act clingy when a partner is distant
View: Negative view of self and positive view of other
Anxious (Preoccupied) Attachment
Peculiar thought patterns; oddities of perception and speech that interfere with communication and social interaction
Cluster A: Schizotypal
Ativan, Xanax, Lexapro, Zoloft and Effexor
used to treat anxiety or panic states
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs): Drugs like escitalopram (Lexapro), sertraline (Zoloft), and fluoxetine (Prozac) raise brain serotonin to balance mood and lower daily worry. Raise serotonin levels in the brain to help regulate mood and ease anxiety. They take 4 to 6 weeks to work fully
Focus is on learned actions and habits. It aims to change behavior directly. This approach often helps with habits and fears.
Behavioral therapy
Persistent eating of non-nutritive, nonfood substances over a period of at least 1 month (common in early childhood
Pica
{Persistent disturbances of eating or eating-related behavior. }
Characteristics: You highly value independence and self-reliance to the point of pushing people away
In relationships: You feel uncomfortable with emotional intimacy and suppress feelings when conflicts arise
View: Positive view of self and negative view of others
Avoidant (Dismissive) Attachment
A long-term pattern of disregard for, and violation of, the rights of others, often involving rule-breaking, deceit, impulsivity, and a lack of remorse. Must be at least 18 years old to diagnose, with evidence of conduct disorder before age 15.
Cluster B: Antisocial Personality d/o
Adderall, Vyvanse and Concerta
medications for ADHD are Vyvanse (lisdexamfetamine), Adderall XR (mixed amphetamine salts), and Concerta (extended-release methylphenidate)
Carl Rogers stressed the value of the therapist-client relationship.
Focus is on personal growth and self-understanding. It supports reflection in a safe setting. The therapist offers empathy and respect.
Humanistic therapy
A frequent and persistent pattern of angry/irritable mood, argumentative/defiant behavior, or vindictiveness
Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD):
Characteristics: You experience a confusing "push-pull" dynamic due to a mix of both anxious and avoidant behaviors
In relationships: You deeply desire closeness but fear getting hurt, leading to unpredictable or volatile patterns.
View: Negative view of both self and others.
Disorganized (Fearful-Avoidant) Attachment
A pervasive pattern of instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affect (emotions), marked by intense impulsivity, frantic efforts to avoid abandonment, and chronic feelings of emptiness. Attempts at self-mutilation or suicide
Cluster B: Borderline
Lithium, Depakote, Lamictal, Valproate
used as Mood Stabilizers: Used for bipolar disorder.
DAILY DOUBLE!!!
Explores meaning, choice, and responsibility.
Existential therapy
Developmentally inappropriate and excessive anxiety concerning separation from home or attachment figures.
Separation Anxiety Disorder
What did John Bowlby and Mary Ainsworth develop?
They pioneered the concept of attachment theory
"strange situation" laboratory procedure identifying the core patterns of secure and insecure attachment