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100
Plaintiff enacted a statue imposing a tax on all banks operating in Maryland; such banks were prohibited from issuing bank notes except upon stamped paper issued by the state. Penalties were established for violations.
What is McCulloch v. Maryland
100
Petitioner was arrested for distributing copies of a "left-wing manifesto". (P) was convicted under a state criminal law which punished advocating the overthrow of the gov't by force.
What is Gitlow v. New York
100
A Texas resident, sought to terminate her pregnancy by abortion. Texas law prohibited abortions except to save the pregnant woman's life. After granting certiorari, the Court heard arguments twice.
What is Roe v. Wade
100
A 12th grade high school student, carried a concealed weapon into his San Antonio, Texas high school. He was charged under Texas law with firearm possession on school premises. The next day, the state charges were dismissed after federal agents charged Defendant with violating a federal criminal statute, the Gun-Free School Zones Act of 1990. The act forbids "any individual knowingly to possess a firearm at a place that [he] knows...is a school zone."
What is United States v. Lopez
100
Several suits were filed against Chicago and Oak Park in Illinois challenging their gun bans after the Supreme Court issued its opinion in District of Columbia v. Heller. Plaintiffs argued that the Second Amendment should also apply to the states. The district court dismissed the suits. On appeal, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit affirmed.
What is McDonald v. Chicago
200
Plaintiff, (Co-owner of a profitable wharf in the harbor of Baltimore), sued the city for repayment of his financial losses due to the development and expansion of the city which resulted in (P)'s deprivation of the deep waters which had been the key to his successful business.
What is Barron v. Baltimore
200
During WWII, Presidential Executive Order 9066 gave the military authority to exclude citizens of Japanese ancestry from areas deemed critical to national defense and potentially vulnerable to espionage. (Petitioner) remained is San Leandro, Ca and violated Civilian Exclusion Order No. 34 of the U.S Army
What is Korematsu v. United States
200
Petitioner was burglarizing a private home when a family member discovered him. He attempted to flee, and in doing so tripped and fell. The gun that he was carrying went off and killed a resident of the home. He was convicted of murder and sentenced to death
What is Furman v. Georgia
200
In 1986, the state of Missouri enacted legislation that placed a number of restrictions on abortions. The statute's preamble indicated that "the life of each human being begins at conception," and the law codified the following restrictions: public employees and public facilities were not to be used in performing or assisting abortions unnecessary to save the mother's life; encouragement and counseling to have abortions was prohibited; and physicians were to perform viability tests upon women in their twentieth (or more) week of pregnancy.
What is Webster v. Reproductive Health Services
200
Osama bin Laden's former chauffeur was captured by Afghani forces and imprisoned by the U.S military. (Petitioner) filed a pet ion for w writ of habeas corpus in federal district court to challenge his detention.
What is Hamdan v. Rumsfield
300
Plaintiff attempted to sit in an all-white railroad car, after refusing to sit in black railway carriage car, (P) was arrested for violating an 1890 Louisiana Statue that provided for segregated railroad accommodations.
What is Plessy v. Ferguson
300
Title II of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 forbade racial discrimination by places of public accommodation if their operations affected commerce. The establishment in Atlanta, Georgia, refused to accept Black Americans and was charged with violating Title II.
What is Heart of Atlanta Motel v. United States
300
The Nixon Administration attempted to prevent the New York Times and Washington Post from publishing materials belonging to a classified Defense Department study regarding the history of United States activities in Vietnam. The President argued that prior restraint was necessary to protect national security. This case was decided together with United States v. Washington Post Co.
What is New York v. United States
300
In 1984, in front of the Dallas City Hall, Defendant burned an American flag as a means of protest against Reagan administration policies. Defendant was tried and convicted under a Texas law outlawing flag desecration. He was sentenced to one year in jail and assessed a $2,000 fine. After the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals reversed the conviction, the case went to the Supreme Court.
What is Texas v. Johnson
300
(Petitioner) applied to the University of Michigan's College of Literature, Science and the Arts with an adjusted GPA of 3.8 and ACT score of 25. The University admits that it uses race as a factor in making admissions decisions because it serves a "compelling interest in achieving diversity among its student body." In addition, the University has a policy to admit virtually all qualified applicants who are members of one of three select racial minority groups - African Americans, Hispanics, and Native Americans - that are considered to be "underrepresented" on the campus.
What is Gratz v. Bollinger
400
Defendant was charged with bigamy. He pleaded not guilty but was later found guilty. He let the court know that he was a member of the Mormon Church.
What is Reynolds v. United States
400
(Petitioner) was charged in Florida state court with a felony; when he requested a lawyer he found that Florida state law may only appoint attorney to indigent defendant in capital case. (P) filed a habeas corpus petition and argued that the trial court's decision violated his constitutional right to be represented by counsel.
What is Gideon v. Wainwright
400
After conducting a mass mailing campaign to advertise the sale of "adult" material, he was convicted of violating a California statute prohibiting the distribution of obscene material. Some unwilling recipients of his brochures complained to the police, initiating the legal proceedings.
What is Miller v. California
400
A thirty-five-year-old white man, had twice applied for admission to the University of California Medical School at Davis. He was rejected both times. The school reserved sixteen places in each entering class of one hundred for "qualified" minorities, as part of the university's affirmative action program, in an effort to redress longstanding, unfair minority exclusions from the medical profession. The applicant's qualifications (college GPA and test scores) exceeded those of any of the minority students admitted in the two years of his applications were rejected. He contended, first in the California courts, then in the Supreme Court, that he was excluded from admission solely on the basis of race.
What is Regents of the University of California v. Bakke
400
An american citizen was arrested by the United States military in Afghanistan, accused of fighting for the Taliban. He petitioned that the government had violated his 5th amendment; right to Due Process by holding him indefinitely and not giving him access to an attorney or a trial.
What is Hamdi v. Rumsfield
500
Petitioner was designated as a justice of the peace in the District of Columbia during the last few days of John Adams' presidency, resulting in the last minute appointments never being fully finalized.
What is Marbury v. Madison
500
(Petitioner) was convicted of possessing obscene materials after an admittedly illegal police search of her home for a fugitive. She appealed her conviction on the basis of freedom of expression.
What is Mapp v. Ohio
500
2 Members of the Old Order Amish religion, and a member of the Conservative Amish Mennonite Church, were prosecuted under a Wisconsin law that required all children to attend public schools until age 16. The three parents refused to send their children to such schools after the eighth grade, arguing that high school attendance was contrary to their religious beliefs.
What is Wisconsin v. Yoder
500
The Pennsylvania legislature amended its abortion control law in 1988 and 1989. Among the new provisions, the law required informed consent and a 24 hour waiting period prior to the procedure. A minor seeking an abortion required the consent of one parent (the law allows for a judicial bypass procedure). A married woman seeking an abortion had to indicate that she notified her husband of her intention to abort the fetus. These provisions were challenged by several abortion clinics and physicians.
What is Planned Parenthood v. Casey
500
(Petitioner), a white resident of Michigan, applied to the University of Michigan Law School with a 3.8 undergraduate GPA and an LSAT score of 161. However, she was denied admission. The Law School admitted that it uses race as a factor in making admission decisions because it serves a compelling interest in achieving diversity among its student body.
What is Grutter v. Bollinger