Weathering
Which type of climate causes the fastest type of chemical weathering?
Warm and wet
What is erosion?
The act of moving sediment away from where it was formed.
In what type of climate would you find thick soil? (Provide both temperature and moisture)
Warm and wet
What causes waves?
Wind
What is mass movement?
Sediment being pulled down slope by gravity.
Explain physical weathering and give me two examples.
Breaking down rocks without changing their chemical composition. Frost wedging and Sandblasting
What type of erosion forms wide U shaped valleys?
Glaciers
How do you know if a soil is residual or transported?
If the composition of the soil matches that of the underlying bedrock that it is residual, if it does not match, it is transported.
How does the shape of a stream channel change as a stream matures?
As it gets older it will become wider and have more meanders.
What two things happen as a result of wind erosion?
Deflation and sorted sediments.
Explain chemical weathering and give me two examples.
Breaking down rocks and changing their chemical composition. Acid rain and oxidation.
What agent of erosion is the most dominate on Earth's surface
Water
How does size, density, and shape affect the rate of deposition?
larger particles settle faster, denser particles settle faster, and rounder particles settle faster.
What stage of a stream's life would you find an oxbow lake?
Late stage
What is the shape of the landscape going to look like in a dry climate? What about a humid climate?
Dry - jagged and rough
Wet - rounded and smooth
What change will a pebble undergo when it is transported a great distance by a stream?
It will get smaller and rounder.
As the gradient of a stream increases, the stream’s ability to carry sediment
Will increase
What was one of the major effects of the continental glaciers on the landscapes of New York State?
They created much of the landscape that we currently see in NY, like the Finger Lakes and the great lakes.
Name three glacial features and how they form.
Drumlin - carved by a glacier
Kettle lake - melting ice forming a whole that fills with water
Esker - sediment left behind from a glacial stream.
How do glaciers act as an agent of erosion?
They dig up and push sediments around.
Water is a major agent of chemical weathering because?
It dissolves most minerals that make up rocks.
Which landscape characteristic indicates a landscape primarily formed by streams?
V shaped vallies
At which points along a stream are erosion and deposition dominant?
Outside bends of a meander are erosion dominant and the inside bends of a meander are deposition dominant.
What are the three types of landscapes and how are classified?
Mountains - high elevation and made of metamorphic rock
Plateaus - middle elevation and made of sedimentary rock
Lowlands - low elevation and made of sedimentary rock
What two agents of erosion leave sorted sediments? What two leave unsorted sediments?
Wind and Water leave sorted sediments and glaciers and gravity leave unsorted sediments.