This is the most commonly injured portion of the duodenum in blunt injury.
2nd portion
100
What is the usual arterial blood supply to the parathyroids?
Inferior thyroid artery.
100
What are Level II axillary lymph nodes?
Those located behind the pectoralis minor muscle.
100
What are the two types of aortic dissection?
Type A—proximal to L subclavian—surgical.
Type B—distal to L subclavian—medical with aggressive HTN control. Surgery for aneurysmal enlargement,
persistent back pain, and visceral/renal/lower extremity compromise.
100
What is the collateral venous drainage of the left kidney?
Left adrenal vein, left gonadal vein, and left ascending lumbar vein.
200
What distinguishing feature in bladder trauma determines the typical management?
Whether the rupture is intraperitoneal (surgery) or extraperitoneal (foley).
200
What is the most common location of the recurrent laryngeal nerve?
In the tracheoesophageal groove.
200
Where are Rotter’s nodes located?
In the interpectoral region.
200
Describe the course of the thoracic duct in the chest.
Enters on right at T12 and traverses to the right of the aorta. It crosses the midline at T4-5 to join at IJ/subclavian junction.
200
What nerve should be avoided during pericardiotomy?
The phrenic nerve.
300
Define the landmarks for the zones of the neck?
I—below cricoid; II—cricoid to angle of jaw; III—above angle of mandible.
300
What is the embryological origin of the parathyroid glands?
The inferior parathyroid glands originate from the third pharyngeal pouch, and the superior parathyroid glands
originate from the fourth pharyngeal pouch.
300
Shortening of these anatomic features is the etiology of skin dimpling in women with breast cancer?
Cooper’s ligaments.
300
At what level do the vena cava, esophagus, thoracic duct, and aorta cross the diaphragm?
Injury to what structure is most commonly responsible for persistent hemorrhage requiring a thoracotomy?
An intercostal artery (great vessel injuries are more often fatal before the opportunity for thoracotomy).
400
What are origins of the arterial supply to the adrenal glands (3)?
The superior adrenal artery--inferior phrenic artery, middle adrenal artery--aorta, inferior adrenal artery--renal artery.
400
What is the sensory innervation of the breast?
The lateral and anterior cutaneous branches of the second through sixth intercostal nerves.
400
What are the borders of the thoracic outlet?
The thoracic outlet is an anatomic structure formed by the first rib, clavicle, and scalene muscles.
400
This is the most commonly injured nerve in parotid surgery.
Greater auricular nerve.
500
A patient presents to the emergency department after an MVA with neck hyperextension injury unable to move or feel the upper extremities, yet the lower extremities remain intact. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Central cord syndrome.
500
What are the glands of Zuckerkandl?
Ectopic adrenal medullary cells located lateral to the aorta, near the origin of the inferior mesenteric artery.
500
What is Batson's plexus?
A valveless vein plexus that allows direct hematogenous spread of breast cancer to the spine.
500
Name the structures that pass through the thoracic outlet and describe their location in relation to each other.
The brachial plexus, subclavian artery, and subclavian vein. The nerves and artery are posterior to the vein and separated by the anterior scalene muscle.
500
The CIBA Pharmaceutical company, which eventually merged with Sandoz laboratories to become Novartis, originally commissioned and until only recently owned the vast bulk of this medical illustrator's work.