Infection Prevention
Which of the following is the FIRST priority in preventing infections when providing care for a client?
A. Handwashing
B. Wearing gloves
C. Using a barrier between client’s furniture and nurse’s bag
D. Wearing gowns and goggles
Handwashing remains the most effective way to avoid spreading infection. However, too often nurses do not practice good handwashing techniques and do not teach families to do so. Nurses need to wash their hands before and after touching the client and before entering the nursing bag.
State 2 risk factors for SSI.
Elderly adult, smoking, High WBC level, High Neutrophils, Elevated temperature
Surgical Site: Redness and swelling, Skin is very warm (hot) in temperature, tenderness present and sore around site, Purulent discharge
Why do infection occur??
GERMS ARE EVERYWHERE!!!
What kind of medication should you give a patient with a surgical site infection?
ANTIBIOTICS!!!
What is the most common healthcare acquired infection among hospitalized patients?
A. Ventilator-associated pneumonia
B. Surgical site infection
C. Urinary tract infection
Surgical site infection
Normal Range for temperature.
35.8-37.3
When do Surgical Site Infections occur? How?
- Occur when harmful germs enter a patient’s body through the surgical site
- Any cut the surgeon makes in the skin to perform the operation
What is the importance of assessing a patients nutritional status? Important of a good diet??
A good diet with nutritional foods and vitamins may help promote wound healing.
The nurse instructs a client in infection prevention. Which of the following statements, if made by the client, indicates that the teaching was effective?
A. "I should wash my hands before changing my wound dressing."
B. "The organisms on my skin will not infect my leg wound."
C. "The dressings from my wound can be removed without wearing gloves."
D. "The drainage from my wound can be rinsed down the kitchen sink."
"I should wash my hands before changing my wound dressing."
Normal Range for WBC.
4,500-11,000
What are the determinants that lead to Surgical Site Incisions?
1.Inoculum of bacteria
2.Virulence of bacteria
3.Adjuvant effects of microenvironment
4.Innate and acquired host defenses
______-rich and ______-rich foods helps support the ______ system's responsiveness
Protein-rich and calorie-rich foods helps support the immune system responsiveness
A student nurse is demonstrating the proper procedure for maintaining a sterile field. Which of the following guidelines should be followed? (Select all that apply.)
A. Never reach across a sterile field.
B. Objects below the waist are considered unsterile.
C. A dry area is micro-organism free.
D. A sterile object is still sterile if touched by a nonsterile object.
E. One inch around the edges is considered contaminated.
A. Never reach across a sterile field.
B. Objects below the waist are considered unsterile.
E. One inch around the edges is considered contaminated.
Normal Range for Neutrophils
1.5-8.0
Germs can infect a surgical wound through various forms of contact, such as .... (name 3)
From the touch of a contaminated caregiver or surgical instrument, through germs in the air, or through germs that are already on or in your body and then spread into the wound.
Asceptic technique decreases ...... ?
Aseptic technique decreases the chances of transmitting or spreading pathogens to the patient.
When educating a patient about wound healing the nurse should include what in the teaching?
A. inadequate nutrition delays wound healing and increases risk of infection.
B. chronic wounds heal better in a dry, open environment so leave them open to air.
C. fat tissue heals more rapidly because there is less vascularization.
D. long term steroid use diminishes the inflammatory response and speeds up wound healing
Inadequate nutrition delays wound healing and increases risk of infection
What are some characteristics at a surgical site that indicate Surgical Site Infection?
Redness, swelling/inflammation, tenderness/pain/soreness, purulent discharge, skin is hot to touch.
Virulence of bacteria?
The more virulent the bacterial contaminant the greater...
The more virulent the bacterial contaminant, the greater the probability of infection
What medication from the following is given to a patient to treat infections?
Vitamin D?
Prednisone?
Ciprofloxacin?
Enoxaparin?
CIPROFLAXIN BECAUSE IT'S AN ANTIBIOTIC!!!