Governments
An American citizen cannot be targeted for surveillance without this, which an agent needs to obtain court approval.
What is a search warrant?
A system that uses satellites in orbit around the earth and are used in conjunction with devices on the ground to determine a location of the device
What is GPS or Global Positioning System?
Apps used for tracking women's health cycles that have raised privacy concerns
What are period tracking apps?
This act requires financial institutions to help government agencies detect and prevent financial crimes by reporting suspicious activity or specific transitions
What is the Bank Security Act (BSA)?
This California law grants residents the right to know what personal information companies are collecting, request deletion, and opt out of data sales
What is the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA)?
This former intelligence contractor became famous for acting as a whistleblower and leaking classified government documents in 2013
Who is Edward Snowden?
A method that uses cellular towers to determine the location of a mobile device connected to the towers
What is Triangulation?
Written statement a person must sign to ensure that they understand that their information may be subject to processing
What is consent form?
This technology is used in stores to monitor retail spaces for theft, fraud, or violent crimes via video
What is CCTV cameras?
This technology can monitor user behavior on a website, but its use without clear disclosure can lead to privacy breaches.
What are tracking pixels (or web beacons)?
The act signed by George W. Bush that aimed to prevent and investigate acts of terrorism
What is the Patriot Act?
This is a unique identifying number assigned to every device connected to the internet
What is IP (Internet Protocol) Address?
A method of using DNA databases to identify potential relatives of an unknown DNA profile found at a crime scene
What is familial searching / genetic genealogy?
This technology is incentivized by government agencies to identify people at airports
What is facial recongition?
This company faced a lawsuit due to their Cambridge Analytics scandal
What is Facebook/Meta?
The agency focuses the most on domestic cases and information collection
What is FBI or Federal Bureau of Investigation?
With permission, this data is shared with third parties such as advertisers in order to personalize advertisements, promote coupons and discounts and “better customize the user experience.”
What is geolocation data?
This act provides privacy standards to protect medical records and other health information, but does not cover lifestyle apps
What is The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA)?
When shopping online, a consumer can distinguish a secure site by looking for this in the web browser's address bar
What is "https://" ?
These are small text files that websites use to track a user's online activity to deliver personalized ads
What is cookies?
This agency was found to have collected the telephone call records of millions of Americans without a court order after 9/11
What is the NSA (National Security Agency)?
These companies use location data to track where all their devices are located
What is Mobile Phone Carriers?
The U.S. Constitutional Amendment in controversy in relation to forensic searches without a warrant
What is the Fourth Amendment?
This practice involves a criminal using a device to secretly capture credit or debit card information at an ATM or point-of-sale terminal
What is skimming?
This advertising method, which involves placing ads based on a web page's content rather than a user's behavior, is a privacy-friendly alternative to behavioral targeting
What is contextual advertising (or contextual targeting)?