Survival

Human limits

100

How long can a human last without water?

3 days

200

How long can a human last without food?

3 weeks

300

How long can a human last without breathing?

3 minutes

400

How long can a human last in extreme weather without shelter?

3 hours

500

How long can a human properly function without sleep?

3 days

Wilderness prep

100

When you go somewhere with a group should you wander off on your own or always stay with the group? 

Always stay with the group!

200

Before you leave on a campout or wilderness trip what should you tell your family or others?

1. Where you are going

2. How long you will be gone 

More:

Vehicle information, what you will be doing on the trip, all the people in the group, emergency number of the national park or service, equipment you are bringing.

300

What are 3 things you should always be sure to bring on a trip to the wilderness?

1. Water 

2. Food 

3. Something to keep you warm

Others: knife, fire starting gear, signaling device, navigation tools 

400

What other use can a survival blanket have other than keeping you warm?

It can be used to signal search and rescue efforts to find you if you get lost, especially airplanes or helicopters. Put it somewhere high and visible so they will spot it 

500

The knot considered the most useful for survival situations

The bowline 

Wounds & sickness

100

What should you bring that helps you take care of injuries sustained in the wilderness?

First aid kit

200

If someone has gotten injured and is losing a lot of blood what is the first thing you should do? 

Apply a tourniquet to stop the bleeding. 

300

What should you do if someone has hypothermia?

If they are wet, remove wet clothing and get them dry, then provide warm sweet liquids and try to warm them uo gradually 

400

What happens to a human if they drink too much salt water?

causes hypernatremia (dangerously high blood sodium), severe cellular dehydration, and potentially fatal brain or kidney damage. 

How It Affects the Body

• Osmosis and Cell Shrinkage: The high concentration of salt in your bloodstream pulls water out of your body's cells through osmosis, causing them to shrink and malfunction.
• Worsening Dehydration: Human kidneys cannot make urine saltier than seawater. To flush out the excess salt, your body must expel more water than you drank, leaving you progressively more dehydrated.
• Brain Damage: Shrinking brain cells can tear surrounding blood vessels, leading to intracranial bleeding, swelling, seizures, and coma.

500

The 5 body parts that are most likely to get frostbite first 

1. Fingers and toes 

2. Hands and feet 

3. Nose 

4. Ears 

5. Cheeks and chin 

Animals & insects

100

What are 2 things you should do to keep safe from animals in the wilderness?

1. Build a fire 

2. Make some noise

3. Secure or remove any food or trash 

200

What insect should you always check for when you return home from a camping trip?

Ticks

300

Insect that causes malaria 

Mosquito 

400

What do you do in response to black bear attacks vs brown or grizzly bear attack

Black bear: 

• If you encounter one:
  • Stay calm, do not run, and back away slowly.
  • Make yourself look large by raising your arms and speaking in a firm, loud voice to scare it off.
• If attacked:
  • Do not play dead.
  • Fight back aggressively, focusing your blows and heavy objects on the bear's face and muzzle.
  • Try to escape to a secure place like a car or hard-sided building.

Grizzly or brown bear: 

• If you encounter one:
  • Stay calm, avoid direct eye contact, and back away slowly.
  • Do not run or climb a tree. Have your bear spray ready.
• If attacked (Defensive):
  • Play dead immediately. Lie flat on your stomach, interlock your fingers behind your neck, and use your elbows and toes to keep from being flipped over. Keep your backpack on to protect your back and neck.
  • Stay still and silent until the bear leaves the area completely.
• If attacked (Predatory / Non-defensive):
  • If the bear is actively stalking or hunting you, do not play dead. Use bear spray and fight back as hard as you can.

500

In wet conditions what material is best to wear as a coat 

Wool

Things to remember

100

If you find water to drink that may be unclean or dirty what should you do before you dring it?

Filter it or boil it

200

What is the number one thing you should do if you get lost?

Stay put and assess your situation

STOP method

• S - Stop: Sit down, take a deep breath, and calm your adrenaline. Staying put makes it much easier for search-and-rescue teams to find you.

• T - Think: Reflect on how you got here. Can you remember the last landmark you passed? How long ago was it? Do you have enough daylight left to trace your steps?

• O - Observe: Look around your immediate surroundings. Check your resource levels (water, food, phone battery, warmth). Identify any hazards or shelter options nearby.

• P - Plan: Decide on a rational course of action. If you have a signal or a plan to be missed, staying put is usually the best option. If you must move, make a deliberate strategy instead of wandering.

300

What is the universally recognized gun signal for danger or distress? 

3 shots fired at regular intervals, typically about 5-10 seconds apart 

Other signals

3 - whistle blows

3 - light flashes 

3 - fires in a row

400

When there is high potential for an avalanche to occur what path should you find for safer passage?

A path with lots of trees or obstacles sticking up from the ground. 

500

Describe the effect eating snow has for your hydration and survival in the wilderness

Since snow is mostly air, you need to eat a lot just to get some hydration. Eating snow will lead to the lowering of your internal body temperature thus accelerating your timeline toward hypothermia.