Pick of the Litter
This process impacts populations when mating preference is driven by physical or behavioral traits, often leading to extraordinary male appearances, dances, or displays.
The Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium describes the NULL hypothesis for evolution and includes the HETEROZYGOUS FREQUENCY of a population as this variable?
2pq
This random process of evolutionary change involves the shift in allele frequency in a manner that is non-selective and non-adaptive.
Genetic Drift
THESE diagrams show percieved relatedness of organism based on observable derived characteristics.
Cladogram
These traits reflect an ancestry that filled a different niche but have now become smaller and nearly useless in modern organisms.
Vestigial structures
This process of selective change favors the individuals within a population that have the intermediate phenotype.
Stabilizing Selection
Darwin's Theory includes fundamentals of scarcity first attributed to THIS population demographer.
Thomas Malthus
Mate preference based on physical traits may lead to THIS phenomenon where males and females of a species appear significantly different.
Sexual Dimorphism
Mules and Ligers are examples of this type of organism, a cross between two distinctly different species...and are usually sterile!
Hybrid
An example of short term, observable selective change; the allele frequencies in THESE organisms shifted with the changes corresponding to the european industrial revolution.
Peppered Moths
Peter and Rosemary Grant witnessed short-term selective change when they measured THIS trait among a population of Finches before and after a drought on the Galapagos' Daphne Major.
Beak Size, Beak Depth
Modern Evolutionary Theory describes change by examining changes in the frequency of THESE variations in genes inherited by each parent.
alleles
Two distinct species may mutually influence the evolution of the other; This process of selective change is known by THIS name.
Co-evolution
Allopatric Speciation
HONK! if you know that the contraction of the arrector pili muscles to "fluff fur" is a vestigial trait in humans known commonly by this name.
A type of non-selective change, genetic diversity is often reduced after the occurance of THIS drastic population decline
Population Bottleneck, Bottleneck, or Bottleneck Effect.
The Common Ancestry of all life can be evidenced by the universal nature of our genetic code; and the fact that all living things can similarly translate codons into THESE building blocks of proteins.
amino acids
Reducing population isolation, THIS term refers to the movement of individuals, and their alleles, into our out of a population; it is sometimes referred to as "equalizing change".
Gene Flow
SYMPATRIC SPECIATIONdue to preference of orchard fruits is credited with the evolution of distinctly RED and GREEN species of THIS organism
Apple Maggot Fly
These structures are evidence of CONVERGENT evolutionary change because they show that similar traits can evolve independently in organisms that do not share a close common ancestor.
Analogous Structures
This model of selective change occurs when BOTH phenotype extremes are favored over the intermediate phenotype within a population.
Disruptive Selection
This term, meaning "before fertilization", describes barriers that restrict inter-species mating by preventing successful sperm and egg fusion.
Pre-zygotic
This type of genetic drift refers to the OVER or UNDER-representation of alleles in a new population due to the random migration of individuals to a new location.
Founder Effect
Cladograms are expected to show have THIS characteristic; meaning the "simplest explanation" of evolution.
Parsimony
THIS LAW suggests that fossil evidence found shallower in rock strata is NEWER than fossil evidence found in deeper layers.
Law of Superposition