Social Justice
System of farming where a landlord allows a tenant to use their land in exchange for a percentage of the
crop.
What is sharecropping?
Practices that reduce input consumption and improve crop productivity
What is a efficiency increasing practice?
Three components of the disease triangle?
What are 1) pathogen, 2) environment, and 3) host?
The condition in which all people, at all times, have physical, social and economic access to sufficient safe and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life.
What is food security?
State that is #1 in number of certified organic dairy farms AND #1 in acres of certified organic field crops
-USDA NASS 2022 Census of Agriculture
What is New York State?
Name of indigenous people who lived and farmed in Ithaca and the surrounding area prior to land dispossession by American colonists.
Who are the Gayogo̱hó꞉nǫ' (the Cayuga Nation) or Haudenosaunee Confederacy?
Intentionally establishing plants to attract pollinators and/or natural enemies of pests
What is an insectary planting?
Herbicide found in streams in US corn belt that has been banned in European countries. Has EPA threshold of 3 ppb for drinking water
What is Atrazine?
Progenitor of corn?
What is teosinte?
Worked in India and came to support Indian farming practices over western practices
Who is Albert Howard?
A community’s right to define their own food and agriculture systems. Idea that people who produce, distribute, and consume food should control the mechanisms and policies of food production and distributioN
What is Food Sovereignty?
A type of practice that requires a farmer to make substantial changes to their cropping system when adopting
What is a redesign practice?
What are two solutions to labor shortages in dairy production?
What are immigrant labor and automation?
Tool used to make precise changes in DNA sequence. Used by Dr. Joyce van Eck here at Cornell.
What is gene editing?
True or false: Manure from conventional livestock farms can be used on certified organic farms
What is true?
Closing existing stores and not locating new stores in impoverished neighborhoods
What is supermarket redlining?
Use low-input methods to grow crops and raise animals, while conserving biological diversity on the same land
What is land sharing?
Nonmaterial benefits people obtain from ecosystems
What are cultural ecosystem services?
Concerns about GE crops
What are: 1) the rise of insect pests and weeds that are resistant to pesticides, 2) seed variety access for farmers, 3) rising seed costs, 4) increased dependency on multinational seed companies.
Do not know long-term impacts on human health, 2) Potential outcrossing and pollen drift (genetic contamination), 3) Facilitate pest resistance (Bt and Roundup), 4) Unintended effects on non-target organisms, 5) Centralize control of the food system, 6) Perpetuate high-input, monoculture-based system, and 7) Slow development of holistic, agroecological methods
Replacing prohibited synthetic inputs with naturally occurring inputs that are approved
What is input substitution?
Name (Plantiff v. Defendent) of class action lawsuit that was awarded for the unfair allocation of price support loans, disaster payments, "farm ownership" loans, operating loans. Over $1 billion paid or credited to more than 13,300 farmers.
What is Pigford v. Glickman?
Two components of ecological intensification
What are 1) ecological replacement 2) ecological enhancement?
Idea that one should recycle all organic waste back to the land
What is the "Law of Return"?
Type of genetically engineered crops that account for almost 100% of GE crops on the market
What are: 1) herbicide tolerant and 2) insect resistant?
The big 5 things that are prohibited in certified organic agriculture
1.Irradiation; 2.Sewage sludge; 3.Genetic engineering; 4.Antibiotics; 5.Synthetic pesticides and fertilizers