Child Development
Preschoolers age 3-6 face the crisis of taking their own actions.
What is initiative vs guilt?
The following statement describes how this theory explains the development of prejudice: “People are socialized to think and behave in certain ways. If prejudice and negative treatment of others is modeled, children will tend to be socialized toward prejudiced behaviors toward others.”
What is Social Learning Theory?
This is the process of a system toward growth.
What is negative entropy?
This is sometimes referred to as the “double standard of aging”
What is Men are portrayed as sexier and having more wisdom and women are portrayed as dumpy and unattractive?
This theorist and this stage (name and number) may be described by: “An older adult may find it necessary to reflect and analyze what they have accumulated throughout life and decide what offspring will receive from them upon death.”
What is Erikson’s Stage 8, Ego Integrity?
What is Erikson’s Stage 8, Ego Integrity?
This is one major criticism of Piaget’s Formal Operations stage
What is “His model stops at adolescence” or “only 1/3 of 18 year olds have reached abstract thinking”
“One's health follows ones socioeconomic status (SES): if you are of low SES you are likely to have poor health; while if you are of high SES you are likely to have good health, lower mortality, lower mobidity” explains this concept:
What is the Health/Wealth Gradient?
All human beings have the capacity for growth, change, and adaption.” is a basic tenet of this perspective (ch 2)?
What is the Strengths Perspective?
What is the Strengths Perspective?
This theory suggests it is not necessarily normal or natural for people to “drop out” of life as they age
What is Activity Theory?
These stages make up Maslow's hierarchy of needs which motivate human behavior.
What are:
Physiological needs like food and shelter;
safety needs like security, stability;
belongingness and love - intimacy and affection provided by friends, family;
self-esteem - self respect, respect of others, achievement, etc;
self-actualization - the sense that one is fulfilling one's potential and is doing what one is suited for and capable of.
At this age the average baby has tripled his/her birth weight
What is 12 months?
This theory says Prejudice serves to diffuse and provide an outlet for personal or social frustration. (Ch5)
What is Displaced Aggression Theory?
This model is primarily concerned with individual illness and dysfunction as the explanation for behavior.
What is the Disease Model?
What are Normal, Complicated, Disenfranchised?
People’s reactions to loss are unacknowledged by others around them or by larger society.
What is Disenfranchised Grief?
Bonus – two situations where disenfranchised grief may occur
When a child understands that his or her favorite ball that deflates is not gone but can be filled with air and put back into play again [or that a ball of clay, once flattened, can be made into a ball of clay again], s/he is said to have accomplished this part of Piaget’s cognitive development.
What is Reversibility?
This is the definition of Institutional Discrimination.
What is: patterns of unequal treatment based on group membership that are built into the institutions and daily operations of society
OR
What is: individual acts are sanctioned by cultural values, beliefs, laws and norms, when they are part of the way a social structure normally operates, when they are pervasive and persistent features of the contact among people
According to Social Learning Theory, these are four of the problems with spanking and physical punishment.
What are:
Negative reaction toward person administering punishment (taking away from behavior that caused punishment)
Avoid punishing person or situation (not change behavior)
Teaches children to be aggressive (spanking)
Possibility of harming the child
Teaches people what not to do versus teaching them what they SHOULD do
These are Peck’s 3 adjustments for older adults
What are Ego differentiation versus work and role preoccupation, Body transcendence versus body preoccupation, Ego transcendence versus ego preoccupation?
The concept of "giving back to others; bringing up the next generation by leading and guiding them" is from this specific part of this theory.
What is Erikson's 7th stage, Generativity vs Stagnation.
Krystell often felt jealousy and anxiety and thought her parents favored her younger sister over her after their divorce when she was 8 years old. This anxiety caused her to obtain a stutter and self-confidence issues. Because of her stutter, she withdrew in the classroom, not answering questions from the teacher. She did not participate in sports or church groups. As an adult she is uncertain, anxious and rarely willing to try new things. She does not have a lot of self-confidence and tends to think about her own needs rather than what is best for a group. She struggled with this developmental stage.
What is a industry vs inferiority?
These are 4 examples of social determinants of health.
What are availability of resources to meet daily needs such as education and job opportunities, living waters, healthy foods, etc; exposure to crime, quality schools, transportation options, social support?
These are four of the five factors that influence the strength of learning from models:
How much power the model seems to have
2. How capable the model seems to be
3. How nurturing (caring) the model seems to be
4. How similar the learner perceives self and model
5. How many models the learner observes
What are Valuing wisdom versus valuing physical powers, Socializing versus sexualizing in human relationships, Emotional flexibility versus emotional impoverishment, Mental flexibility versus mental rigidity?
Final Jeopardy:
These are Kubler Ross' 5 Stages of Grief and Loss