Presence & Action
Support and Belief
Foundations
100

This caring process helps nurses understand what health and well-being mean to each individual patient.

For example, trying to understand the patient's point of view instead of making assumptions. Nurses need to learn what matters most to the patient, which guides individualized healing.

What is Knowing?

100

This caring process promotes physical health by performing tasks the patient cannot do themselves.

For example, a nurse may assist a weak post op patient with bathing, repositioning, or other basic care all while maintaining professionalism and the patients dignity.

What is Doing For?

100

This woman developed the theory of Caring. She views health holistically, meaning health is more than just the absence of disease. It also includes a person’s sense of well-being, wholeness, and ability to cope with meaningful life experiences.

Who is Kristen Swanson, what theory is she known for and how does she view health?

200

This caring process enhances emotional well-being by providing presence and support.

For example, providing emotional support for the patient that involves listening, showing empathy, and staying with them through a hard time.

What is Being With?

200

This caring process improves health by empowering patients during transitions.

For example, before discharge, a nurse may teach a patient how to manage a new medication routine and explain what symptoms they should watch for at home

What is Enabling?

200

Having confidence in the patient's ability to get through a difficult event, transition, and recovery period.

For example, a nurse may remind a discouraged rehabilitation patient of the progress they have made so far and encourage them to keep going.

What is maintaining belief?