Switches
What is the purpose of a switch in a network?
Connects computers within a LAN
What is the primary function of a firewall?
To block unauthorized access while allowing authorized communication.
How many bits are in an IPv4 address?
32 bits.
What is the primary function of a router?
To route packets between different networks.
What is the subnet mask for a /16 network?
255.255.0.0
What type of switch operates at Layer 2 of the OSI model?
A Layer 2 or Data Link switch.
What are the two main types of firewalls?
Hardware firewall and software firewall.
What is the primary benefit of IPv6 over IPv4?
A larger address space (128-bit addresses).
What does OSPF stand for, and what type of routing protocol is it?
Open Shortest Path First; it is a link-state routing protocol.
How many usable hosts are in a /24 subnet?
254 usable hosts.
What does VLAN stand for, and how does it benefit a network?
Virtual Local Area Network; it segments a network logically, reducing broadcast traffic.
Which type of firewall filters traffic based on the state and context of the connection?
Stateful firewall.
What is the range of private IPv4 addresses for Class A?
10.0.0.0 – 10.255.255.255.
What is the difference between static and dynamic routing?
Static routing is manually configured, while dynamic routing automatically adjusts routes based on network conditions.
What does CIDR stand for?
Classless Inter-Domain Routing.
What feature of a managed switch allows for setting different access levels for administrators?
Role-based access control (RBAC).
What is a DMZ in networking?
A demilitarized zone, a network segment that is exposed to the outside and isolated from internal networks.
What is an IPv6 address format called, and how is it represented?
Hexadecimal format, represented in 8 groups of 16 bits, separated by colons.
Name two distance-vector routing protocols.
RIP (Routing Information Protocol) and EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol).
If you subnet a /24 network into four subnets, what is the new subnet mask?
255.255.255.192 or /26.
Name two protocols commonly used for switch configuration.
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) and Secure Shell (SSH).
What is the difference between a packet-filtering firewall and a proxy firewall?
A packet-filtering firewall inspects packets at a basic level (Layer 3), while a proxy firewall works as an intermediary at the application layer (Layer 7), analyzing requests before forwarding them.
What does SLAAC stand for in IPv6, and what does it do?
Stateless Address Autoconfiguration; it allows devices to configure their own IPv6 addresses automatically.
What is the main difference between IGP (Interior Gateway Protocol) and EGP (Exterior Gateway Protocol)?
IGP is used within an organization’s network, while EGP is used between different organizations or autonomous systems.
What is the first usable address in the subnet 192.168.1.128/25?
192.168.1.129.