Neurotransmitters
Axodendritic and axosomatic synapses are able to create action potentials. Axoaxonic synapses do not; rather they affect this
What is the amount of the neurotransmitter released?
Criterion #3 indicates that, to be a neurotransmitter, the chemical must ___________ on the postsynaptic membrane.
What is "bind to receptors"?
Reuptake, diffusion away from the cleft, break down by enzymes, and glial uptake.
What are the 4 means of inactivation of neurotransmitters?
Small molecule neurotransmitters, peptide neurotransmitters, neurotransmitter gases.
What are 3 main classes of neurotransmitters?
Cognition, motor functioning, pleasure/reward, schizophrenia/Parkinson's.
What is Dopamine?
Large neurotransmitters are synthesized here.
What is the Soma (cell body)?
After binding and delivering its message to the receiving cell, the chemical must be _________ so it doesn't work indefinitely.
What is "inactivated"?
2 effects of the neurotransmitter binding to receptors.
What are depolarization and hyperpolarization?
Amino acid neurotransmitters.
What are the 2 main amino acid neurotransmitters?
Midbrain to area processing emotion/reward.
What is the mesolimbic pathway?
Small neurotransmitters are synthesized and stored here.
What are the Terminal Buttons (Axon Terminals)?
When calcium (Ca+) ions enter the terminal button, they cause the synaptic vesicles to release their contents into the synaptic cleft. This is known as ______.
What is exocytosis?
The most inhibitory neurotransmitter.
What is GABA (gamma aminobutyric acid)?
Small molecule neurotransmitters.
What are the Monoamines?
Said to regulate mood and aggression, appetite and arousal, respiration, and perception of pain.
What is Serotonin?
A chemical that attaches to a binding site.
What is a ligand?
An excitatory synapse.
What is a Type 1 Synapse?
The most excitatory neurotransmitter.
What is Glutamate?
Neurotransmitter that slows the heartbeat and causes muscle contractions.
What is Acetylcholine?
Receptor involved in the G-Protein activation of a "second messenger", creating a "cascade" of events in the cell.
What is a "metabotropic" receptor?
To be a neurotransmitter (Criterion #2), the chemical must be transported to ____________ and released in response to the action potential.
What is the pre-synaptic membrane?
Any stimulus above -70mV is considered to be_______.
What is excitatory?
Synthesis, release and binding to receptors, response on "target", and inactivation.
Upregulation of the heart, effect on mood.
What is norepinephrine?
Still an incredible, bright, insightful group of people.
What is our class?