The study of phrase and sentence structure - that is, grammar - is called this.
What is syntax?
What the abbreviation 'N' stands for in syntax.
What is 'noun'?
In glossing, the language you start with.
What is the source language?
A words or group of words that work together as a unit to convey a particular meaning (or perform a particular function.)
What is a syntactic constituent?
What syntacticians place at the beginning of a phrase of sentence to indicate that it is not grammatical in the language.
What is an asterisk?
*A example here.
What the abbreviation 'Adj' stands for in syntax.
What is 'adjective'?
In glossing, the language you end with.
What is the target language?
When a native speaker decides whether or not a sentence sounds OK or not.
What is a grammaticality judgment?
What the abbreviation 'V' stands for in syntax.
What is 'verb'?
Line 1 of a 3-line gloss.
What is data from the source language?
Three things that grammaticality judgments are not based on.
What is truth, meaningfulness, and frequency?
What the abbreviation 'Adv' stands for in syntax.
What is 'adverb'?
Line 2 of a 3-line gloss.
What is a morpheme-by-morpheme gloss in target language (/literal translation)?
The three components of basic word order.
What are subject, verb and object?
What the abbreviation 'P' stands for in syntax.
What is 'preposition'?
Line 3 of a 3-line gloss.
What is a natural translation in the target language that captures the intended meaning?
A special kind of translation that works morpheme-by-morpheme.
What is interlinear glossing?
What the abbreviation 'Pro' stands for in syntax.
What is 'pronoun'?
The extra line added below the source data to form a 4-line gloss, if the source language is written in a different script.
What is the transliteration of the source data?
A structure in which some elements are nested under other elements.
What is a hierarchical structure?
What the abbreviation 'Det' stands for in syntax.
What is 'determiner'?
What the abbreviation 'Q' stands for in syntax.
What is 'quantifier'?