Conjunction Junction
World of Bromine
Rules
Weird reactions
Oxygenation
100
The product of an elimination reaction, generally.
What is an alkene?
100
This reagent is a strong acid that adds one bromine to alkenes to form alkyl halides.
What is HBr?
100
This carbocation is the least stable, even less than primary.
What is a methyl carbocation?
100
This reagent combo is everyone's favorite way to turn alkEnes and alkYnes into alkAnes.
What is H2/Pt (or Pd/C, or Ni, etc.)
100
One way to create an alcohol is to add this to an alkene.
What is water?
200
You can make this bond with excess NaNH2 and a vicinal or geminal dihalide.
What is a triple bond, or alkyne?
200
This is the necessary step to adding functionality to an otherwise unremarkable alkane.
What is Br2 hv (or radical bromination)?
200
The addition of a proton to a double bond results in a more stable carbocation.
What is Markovnikov's Rule
200
This catalyst creates cis alkenes from Alkynes.
What is Lindlar's Catalyst?
200
In acid-catalyzed hydration, there are two nucleophiles. The second is water, but this is the first.
What is the alkene?
300
Ozonolysis, an alkene becomes two of these functional groups.
What is a carbonyl? (ketone/aldehyde)
300
In a bromine addition reaction, an alkene goes through this intermediate to end with an anti vicinal dihalide.
What is a bromonium intermediate?
300
This term describes the type of nucleophilic attack that always undergoes inversion of stereochemistry, like what happens in SN2
What is a backside attack?
300
Weakly oxidative ozonolysis uses these reagents to cleave an alkene.
What is O3 in DMS
300
Adding bonds from carbon to oxygen effectively removes these from it, resulting in a higher oxidation number.
What are electrons?
400
This is what you call an ethylene molecule as a substituent. Colloquially, the V in PVC.
What is a Vinyl group?
400
When combined with this, bromination can turn into bromohydration
What is water?
400
These reactions only gives rise to enantiomers, never diastereomers, despite possibly creating two stereocenters.
What is an 'anti' reaction?
400
Meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid, or mCPBA gives rise to this functional group, known for its usage in industrial glue.
What is an epoxide?
400
This reaction results in the Markovnikov addition of a hydroxyl doesn't undergo a rearrangement.
What is oxymercuration-demercuration?
500
This forms as an intermediate from acid-catalyzed hydration of an alkyne before tautomerization.
What is an enol?
500
This reagent combo gives an anti-Markovnikov addition of bromine.
What is HBr in peroxide?
500
This reaction uses a Ruthinium-based catalyst and requires an alcohol or carboxylic acid to be close to an alkene to create one stereoisomer of an alkane.
What is the Noyori Reduction?
500
The stronger cleavage reaction, this reagent combo gives ketones and carboxylic acids with an acid workup.
What is O3 in H2O2?
500
Di-sec-isoamylborane, or (Sia)2BH in tetrahydrofuran (THF) creates an aldehyde after this workup step.
What is H2O2 & -OH