Guess the statistical test
You want to know if your class’s average statistics grade is different from the national average.
What is a One-Sample t-test?
What is the main goal of hypothesis testing
to determine if there is enough evidence to to support a claim about a population, based on data collected from a sample
What is the primary purpose of a One-Way Anova
To determine if there are statistically significant differences between the means of three or more independent groups.
What is a t-test used for?
To determine if there is a significant difference between the means of two groups.
Define statistical test
A method used to make inferences or decisions about populations based on sample data.
Dr.Halpern wants to know if her morning classes are better test takers than her night classes.
What is an Independent Samples t-test?
What group of people is your hypothesis on?
The population
What does ANOVA stand for and what does it analyze
ANOVA stands for Analysis of Variance. It compares the variance between group means to the variance within groups to see if at least one group is different.
Differentiate between independent and dependent t-tests.
Independent t-tests compare means between two unrelated groups; dependent t-tests compare means from the same group at different times.
Differentiate a population and a sample
Population: The entire group of individuals, items, or data points of interest in a study. All of the U.S or all people above 50
A subset of the population selected for analysis. For instance, 200 college students chosen from various universities across the U.S. or 50 people above 50
A group of students are measuring which study method is best? They create 3 groups one group studying whith flashcards, one group using quizlet, and one group studying with a study group.
What is a One-Way ANOVA?
What is the usual cut off for a p value that is statistically significant
<.05
What does a significant ANOVA result indicate?
At least one group mean is significantly different from the others.
In a one-sample t-test, what is being compared?
The sample mean is compared to a known population mean.
What is a null hypothesis
Hypothesizes there is no real effect or difference, any pattern we observe in our sample data is due to random chance.
Dr.Zambrano wants to know how afraid of birds her students are. To complete this research she makes her students watch a bird documentary and rate their anxiety levels before and after.
What is a Dependent Samples t-test?
If your results are statistically significant what hypothesis are you rejecting
The null hypothesis
Can ANOVA identify which specific groups differ?
No you need a post-hoc test for this it only indicates that a difference exists, not where it lies.
If this is the Null Hypothesis 𝜇ᴰ = 0 and this is the alternative hypothesis 𝜇ᴰ ≠ 0 what is the statistical test?
Dependent sample t-test
Ud= population mean of the difference scores
What is a p-value
The probability of obtaining our results or more extreme results if the null hypothesis is true
Joshua is researching wether or not a carnivore diet is healthier than a vegan diet. He decides to conduct the research on identical twins and have one twin follow the carnivore diet while the other follows a vegan diet.
Dependent t-test (matched pairs)
What does significance mean in "statistically significant"
it means that, based on the data, the difference is unlikely to be due to chance alone.
what does Post hoc in latin?
after this
If researchers want to compare test scores between matched pairs, like siblings or roommates, which statistical test is appropriate?
dependent sample t-test
What is the F-statistic
The number you get from running a One-way ANOVA
Compares variances
How much do group means vary from each other relative to how much people vary within each group