Goals for Conversation
Discourse Toolkit
Encouraging Students to Participate
Cognitive demand
Talk Moves E.C.
100

This discourse goal often happens at the beginning of class with the whole class.

What is gathering student ideas on a science phenomenon?

100

Helps students understand off-the-wall comments.

What are Follow-Ups?

100

It is a way for students to feel safe to share in the classroom environment.

What are establishing student norms?

100

Tasks that focus on memorization

What are low cognitive demand questions?

100

A goal of discourse using Probing, Gentle follow-ups, wait time, Revoicing, opening up cross-talk

What tools can you use for activating prior knowledge?

200

This goal involves creating summary statements that involve making connections.

What is connecting activities with scientific ideas?

200

Paraphrasing and rebroadcasting student statements

What is revoicing?

200
A way for students to format their comments in a productive way for the conversation.

What are sentence frames?

200

Tasks that don't ask students to do anything with ideas

What are low cognitive tasks?

200

A goal of discourse using Probing, Challenging follow-ups, Revoicing, Focusing

What tools can you use to make sense of observations or activities?

300

This goal involves looking at multiple activities and connecting them to a bigger phenomenon.

What is pressing students for evidence-based explanations?

300

Using questioning to encourage students to engage in peer-to-peer talk.

What is Cross-Talk?

300

In partners, students can either add to an idea or challenge it.

What is a scaffolded option for building on an idea?

300

Prompts that require students to do something with ideas

What are high cognitive demand questions?

300

A goal of discourse using Pressing, Challenging follow-ups, wait time, opening up cross-talk

What tools can you use to make connections to big science ideas or explainations?

400

This goal involves critically looking at data and observations.

What is helping students make sense of new observations, info, or data?

400

Asking for further reasoning about what a student has said.

What is Pressing?

400

Big ideas, Clarifier, Questioner, Skeptic, Progress manager, Floor manager

What are the possible roles for small group conversation?

400

Compare and contrast

Generate a list

Predict outcomes

What are Prompts that reflect high cognitive demand?