Classifications
Aristotle classified animals and plants into what six groups
Animals: swim, fly and walk/run/crawl
Plants: trees, shrubs and herbs
Bacteria reproduce through two different methods, binary fission and conjugation. Explain both.
Binary fission is when one parent produces one offspring with a copy of its DNA.
Conjugation is when two parents produce one offspring that shares parts of both DNA's
Three common characteristics about a fungi's structure, feeding and reproduction are:
structure: eukaryote with cell walls (hyphae)
feeding: heterotroph
reproduction: most reproduce by making spores in the sporangium, some by conjugation
What is the difference between bilateral and radial symmetry?
bilateral symmetry has one line of symmetry where as radial has multiple?
What is an invertebrate?
Animal with no backbone
Linnaeus used what we call "binomial nomenclature" because he gave the scientific name to each organism. What were the two classifications he used?
Genus and Species
The diagram for a bacteria cell is important. What does the flagellum and the ribosomes do?
flagellum helps move the bacteria cell
ribosomes produce proteins in the cell
Three types of fungi are club, sac and zygote fungi. These are based largely on what they look like. What growing conditions help fungi thrive?
Asexually in warm, moist environments and when food is readily available
Sexually in less than ideal conditions
Animals are structured in very elaborate systems, what is made up of organs, tissues and cells. What are organs?
tissue combined in a way to perform more complex functions than each tissue could perform on its own
What is the definition of taxonomy?
Study of the classification of living organisms
The difference between a prokaryote and eukaryote?
Prokaryotes do not contain a nucleus, only a nucleoid and circular DNA.
Eukaryotes contain a nucleus, organelles and linear DNA
When living conditions are bad for bacteria they form endospores. What are these?
Not an actual spore (which is part of the reproduction process) but a thick walled structure formed by bacteria to protect the cell.
What is the difference between an angiosperm and a gymnosperm?
angiosperms produce seeds surrounded by fruit
gymnosperms reproduce from seeds that do not flower, often produce cones
both contain xylem and phloem (vascular tissue that carry water and nutrients or food throughout the plant)
What are two different ways animals obtain oxygen
air (lungs)
water (gills)
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus and Species are known as the eight levels of classification. What is the most specific one?
Species
The three domains are Bacteria, Archaea and Eukarya. What are the major differences between the three?
Bacteria: unicellular, prokaryote, both autotroph and heterotroph
Archaea: different structures and chemical makeup then bacteria, unicellular, prokaryote, both autotroph and heterotroph
Eukarya: Eukaryote, any form of protist, fungi, plant or animal. Can be multicellular or unicellular, autotroph or heterotroph,
There are three different types of protists, what are they?
Animal like (protozoa)
plant like (algae)
fungus like (mold)
Vascular plants have tissues that help support transportation of materials throughout the plant. What can you say about the growth and environment of non vascular plants do since they do not have this ability?
They are generally smaller and grow in damp places.
Animals keep their internal conditions stable using what process?
Homeostasis
Cellular respiration is what?
Breaking down food to release its energy
What is a taxonomic key?
Series of paired statements that describe (and ultimately identify) the physical characteristics of different organisms
Protists generally are thought of as the "what's left over" category. How do protists feed and what do we know about its cell structure
some are autotroph, some are heterotroph.
can be unicellular, but also large multicellular organisms exist
What five adaptations do plants perform in order to exist on land?
Obtain water and nutrients
retain water (cuticle)
transport materials
support their bodies
reproduction
There are nine major phyla for animals. One of those major phyla is broken into 5 classes of vertebrate. What are they?
fish
amphibian
reptile
bird
mammal
Are barnacles real?
Yes