Taxonomy
What is taxonomy?
The scientific classification of organisms
Where can both harmless and harmful bacteria be found?
In your intestines
What is one characteristic in which Kingdom Fungi and Kingdom Animalia share in common?
Why are humans "parasites" on plants?
Plants are self-sufficient and make their own food; we rely on them to get food
Which characteristics does Chewy (the best tortoise ever) have in common with us (humans)?
Of the following taxa, which one has the most broad characteristics of organisms?
What effect do antibiotic drugs have on bacteria?
Antibiotic drugs kill both helpful bacteria and harmful bacteria
Scientists do not use common names for organisms because...
There can be more than one common name
Angiosperms (flowering land plants) make up 80% of all kingdom Plantae (land plants). What makes them so abundant?
They are independent of water to transfer their pollen (uses wind, bees, hummingbirds, etc.)
Platyhelminthes are flatworms (like the tapeworm) that were the first to develop cephalization. What does "cephalization" refer to?
The formation of a head and a brain
What does a "Phylogeny Tree" tell us?
A family tree for evolutionary history of a species
What type of organism do scientists believe are adapted well enough to their extreme environments on Earth to survive in the extreme conditions on Mars?
Archaea
Kingdom Fungi contains organisms that are extremely beneficial (and some harmful) to humans. In what ways have humans used fungi to benefit their lives?
Fungi are used: in medicine, food, and to decompose dead materials
What is the evolutionary history of Plantae (land plants)?
Over time, they evolved from the water onto land
Arthropoda is a phylum in the kingdom "Animalia," which includes organisms with segmented bodies. Which types of organisms would be found in Arthropoda?
Scorpions, spiders, and lobsters
Scientists organize and group organisms into different taxa based on key aspects about the organism. How are organisms classified?
By their evolutionary relationships and characteristics
What are the three terms for ways that bacteria can get their energy or food?
Heterotroph, Photoautotroph, and Chemoautotroph
Kingdom Protista is a strange kingdom that includes organisms that are mostly unicellular amoeba-like organisms, but some are: multicellular, eukaryotic, autotrophs, and live in moist environments. Which of the following organisms would belong in kingdom Protista?
There are three types of plants: C3, C4, and CAM plants. How are plants grouped into these three plant categories?
How well plants retain (keep) water
Phylum Mollusca is composed of organisms with shells. What are some examples of a Mollusk?
Garden snails, mussels, octopus
The 6 kingdom system: Animalia, Plantae, Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, Protista, and Fungi, are separated by which two characteristics of organisms?
Whether or not they have a nucleus in their cell(s) and how they obtain their nutrients/food
Organisms from kingdom Eubacteria and kingdom Archaebacteria used to be grouped together into one kingdom, called "Monera." Why did taxonomists group them together at first, then separate them into two kingdoms?
Archaea and bacteria are both microscopic so they were grouped together at first; however, they were grouped separately because archaea live in extreme environments and have different cell walls.
You were walking around CCHS one day and discovered an organism under a rock. You studied this organism for years (well...days, but it felt like years) and finally found some characteristics to help you classify this organism. The organism is: heterotrophic, multicellular, sessile (non-motile), and does not have true roots, though it has a root-like structure.
Based off of the characteristics listed above, answer the following questions: 1) Which kingdom would you classify this organism into and why? 2) Give your organism a scientific name 3) What is an example of another organism that would be classified with your organism? 4) What is the root-like structure called?
Kingdom Plantae and Kingdom Fungi were once grouped together because of their similar appearances; once taxonomists took a closer look, they realized how different plants and fungi really are from one another. What characteristics differs Kingdom Fungi from Kingdom Plantae? (choose all that apply)
A) Plants are all eukaryotic; fungi are all prokaryotic.
B) The way they consume nutrients: plants are autotrophs; fungi are heterotrophs.
C) Plants have true roots and leaves; fungi have hyphae
B) The way they consume nutrients: plants are autotrophs; fungi are heterotrophs.
C) Plants have true roots and leaves; fungi have hyphae
Phylum Porifera, or commonly known as Sponges, do not have all of the characteristics that characterize them to be an animal in the Kingdom "Animalia." Why are they still considered an animal?
They were one of the first animals to evolve and are heterotrophs, which groups them as (simple) animals