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Intercultural Orientation in Schools
Theories on Language Acquisition
Models of Bilingual Education
Models on reading: Cultural texts as a way to engage ELL's
Factors effecting School Success for ELL's
100
What orientation/belief of language corresponds with dual-language or bilingual enrichment programs?
What is Language as a resource corresponds with bilingual programs because this theoretical framework accounts for both languages as potential tools of gaining understanding and better comprehension of both languages.
100
What are some components on Vgotysky's social view on learning?
What is People learn in a social environment, and instruction such as zone of proximal development, personal invention and social convention, and certain discourses of a language are factors on learning.
100
Why is English immersion result in subtractive language learning?
What is English immersion is totally lacking in services provided to ELL's. Student in English immersion usually lose all of their native language proficiency, and show less progress in both their home language and English, than students enrolled in various forms of bilingual education.
100
Why should teachers include cultural texts in the classroom?
What is Cultural texts support ELL's by engaging them in a more personal and fulfilling way. It helps students relate to course content, and sends a message of respect and inclusion within the classroom.
100
What are some characteristics of a long-term English learner?
What is They have lived in the U.S. for 7 years or longer, they are typically enrolled in grades 6th-12th. They may have limited literacy in both their native language and English. They may struggle with school because their method of bilingual instruction is inconsistent.
200
How would assimilationist orientation to language express a student's language and culture, and how would teachers orient their teaching methods?
What is An assimilationist orientation would employ traditional teaching methods, and exclude languages and cultures outside of the dominant paradigm.
200
What are three ways that a teacher can use scaffolding to help students solve problems and complete tasks?
What is Teachers can use verbal instruction, visual displays, and physical, "hands-on" activities to facilitate scaffolding.
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Why is bilingual Dual-Language education (both one way and two way), lead to more successful results?
What is Both native English speakers and ELL's become bilingual and biliterate because more than one language is supported in the classroom. Language is seen as a resource that can exacerbate strength in other language development.
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What are the components of the gradual release of responsibility model of reading?
What is Read-alouds, shared reading, interactive reading, guided reading, and lastly independent reading.
200
There are two formal categories of ELL's that have arrived recently to the U.S. What is a defining factor in the students school success in terms of former experience?
What is ELL's who have had adequate schooling in their home country, or have received formal education of the English language, will have an easier time adapted to school.
300
How are home visits beneficial to the success of students?
How are home visits beneficial to students because they include that students cultural and familial background and strengths. Having families and parents more involved with a students education will also improve the students success in the classroom.
300
What is the difference between direct instruction and modeling?
What is While using direct instruction, teachers explain to students what they need to do, before they accomplish the task themselves. In modeling, a teacher shows students how to accomplish a task rather than just telling them how to do it.
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What is translanguaging (also known as code-switching)?
What is Translanguaging is the process of switching from one language to another.
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What are some characteristics of texts that support reading in bilingual books?
What is Natural language, authentic materials, predictable speech patterns and stories similar to a students home culture and language, interesting and imaginative stories, culturally relevant topics and stories, and illustrations that help to further explain the concepts and story line of a text.
300
What are some factors which might make a student a potential long-term ELL?
What is Student who have recently arrived to the U.S. and spend most of their education speaking a language other than English. Additionally, if their parents or family have lower levels of education, or struggle financially or socially they will have more difficulties facing them when attempting to learn English.
400
What are three main ways that parents can support their students in their children's school success?
What is Parents can converse with their children, read to or with them, and encourage children to participate in everyday writing skills.
400
According to Noam Chomsky, what do people acquire when they learn a first or second language?
What is Individuals acquire both a theory of language, and a theory of language acquisition.
400
What are some ways that a teacher can support a students primary language as they teach?
What is Some examples include: using environmental print in the classroom reflective of the students language, supply resources such as books, newspapers, journals, etc. in the students home language, have teachers or aids that speak the child's first language, and allow students to respond to questions in their first language.
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When can bilingual books be used to improve a students understanding of the material?
What is When a student previews the book before reading it in their second language, when the books provide opportunity for linguistic and cognate activities, and they can serve as a resource for students to refer to when they are having trouble comprehending the material.
400
What are some differences between immigrant minorities and involuntary minorities?
What is Immigrant minorities enter the U.S. voluntarily, typically enter the U.S. to gain opportunities in careers and education. They fluidly transfer their current culture to the U.S., and may feel confident about their chance of success. Involuntary minorities may be fleeing persecution, war, or misfortune in their home country, and place a low level of importance on education.
500
What are some examples of activities within the framework of transformative pedagogy that supports intercultural orientations in the classroom?
What is Transformative pedagogy uses collaborative critical inquiry through the exploration of creative and innovative cultural content. Examples include: teaching customs/traditions, religious traditions, recipes, legends, music, holidays, and values of other cultures in the classroom.
500
What is phonology, morphology, and syntax?
What is Phonology is the sound system of a language, morphology is the knowledge of the design or structure of words, and syntax is the meaning derived from the order of a words in a sentence.
500
What is the dual iceberg model of CUP?
What is Cummins created the dual iceberg model of CUP, and it signifies the surface features of two languages as the oral and written versions, and the bulk of the iceberg that is hidden is the common underlying proficiency that both languages can interchange between and interlap in comprehension of both languages.
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Why is it important for students to be exposed to cultural texts that parallel their life experiences, families, culture, and age group?
What is When students find text easier to relate to they are more likely to become engaged emotionally and intellectually, therefore providing opportunities for growth and connection.
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Why is it important for teachers to be aware of potential cultural mismatch in their school?
What is Cultural mismatch is when cultures fail to succeed because their culture is different from the dominant minority, they are competent but have added difficulties in adapting to a new culture. Teachers need to be aware of the diversity in their students cultures so they can appreciate a students' skills and talents that may not fit the dominant paradigm.