True or False
Second Language learning refers to the learning of another language.
True
From______________, babies are "universal linguists" capable of distinguishing each of the 150 sounds that make up all human speech.
From birth to four months
Children need to have all five senses stimulated.
Sensory Input
Each brain processes information slightly differently.
Each brain is unique
Is the study and identification of the meaningful sounds of a language through pronunciation.
Example: Not / Note , prize / price
Phonology
ESL (English as a Second Language) is not used to refer to teaching English to people who do not speak English.
False
During their __________, infants the world over make the same babbling sounds (babababa, mamama)
First year.
Children in many ways are more fragile than adults.
(Be patient and supportive)
Affective Factors
Moving Students around the classroom, getting them to go to the board and to rotate partners helps increase the oxygen flow in the brain.
Movement and exercise improve brain functioning
It'sbthe way which words, phrases, and clauses are arranged and connected to form sentences.
Example: I walked to town/I to town walked.
Syntax
EFL (English as a Foreign Language) is learned and used in a non-English speaking country.
True
The earliest stage of grammatical development hardly seems like grammar at all, since only single words are involved. (mama, dada, cookie, doggie)
One-word stage
Students in these graeds can work welln groups, but they continue to need first-hand, concrete experiences as a starting point.
Elementary Students (8-11 years old)
When students feel threatened, uncertain, afraid or intimidated in the classroom, the brain downshifts. It doesn´t get enough glucose andis unable to think clearly or solve problems.
The brain downshifts under threat.
It's the systematic way of explaining language use in context.
Pragmatics.
Foreign Language Learning does not refer to the learning of a non-native language in one's own culture. (For example: Learning English, Frech or German in Mexico.
False
A around 18 months, vocabulary growth reaches the rate of a new word every two hours that the child will maintain through adolescence.
Two-word Stage
These students are often distracted by probles and have other priorities; or they are impatient and under pressure to learn.
Adults as language learners.
The brain is capable of doing many different tasks at the same time; both hemispheres work together. Our thoughts, emotions, imagination as well as automated funstions all operate simultaneously.
The brain is a parallel Processor.
It refers to the ability of language learners to express themselves correctly and appropiately in order to accomplish communication goals.
Communicate Competence.
What is Linguistics?
it's the scientific study of Language.
By age 2, spoken vocabulary probably exceeds 200 words.
Mommy go store
vs.
Mommy is going to store.
Telegraphic Stage
These students often become preoccupied with self-image, and are often sensitive to classroom discussions. They view issues as either right or wrong. In language learning the these students need to see a connection between language learning and their real lives and interests.
Middle-level Students
The task for teachers is to organize the material they will teach in a way that alows the brain to make meaningful and relevant connections.
The search for meaning occurs through patterning.
It's the smallest unit of language that has meaning. Some words are single, while others are made up of two or more.
Example:dislike, unusual, writer
Morphology