Show:
Cognitive Development
The Brain & Learning
Moral Development
Stereotype Threat/Linguistic Diversity
Context & Learning
100
Basic unit of sound in a language
What is a phoneme
100
Brain's ability to change and adapt in response to experience
What is plasticity
100
How many stages are in Erikson's theory of psychosocial development?
What is 8
100
Social-psychological predicament that can arise from widely-known negative stereotypes about one’s group
What is stereotype threat
100
Family, school, religious institutions, neighborhood, and peers are examples of things that would be found in which system?
What is the microsystem
200
Name the 3 types of developmental processes.
What are biological processes, cognitive processes, socio-emotional processes
200
Formation of new synapses between neurons
What is synaptogenesis
200
Name the 3 levels in Kohlberg's theory of moral development.
What is preconventional, conventional, postconventional
200
True or False: In Steele and Aronson's study, Black participants performed worse than White participants when the test was described as diagnostic of intellectual ability
What is true
200
Interactions between factors/people in the microsystem
What is the mesosystem
300
The specialization of functions in each hemisphere of the brain.
What is lateralization
300
A flexible, developmental period characterized by subtle changes in the brain's ability to be shaped and changed by experiences
sensitive periods
300
Success in this Erikson stage will lead to the virtue of wisdom.
What is integrity vs. despair
300
Name 2 effective ways to reduce stereotype threat that were discussed in class.
What is reframing the task, deemphasizing threatened social identities, encouraging self-affirmation, emphasizing high standards with assurances of capability, providing role models, providing external attributions for difficulty, emphasizing an incremental view of ability
300
The overarching pattern of society, culture, religion, lifestyles, and belief systems
What is the macrosystem
400
Technique of changing the level of support
What is scaffolding
400
Why was Genie unable to reach her expected milestones?
Genie was raised in complete isolation and physically punished for making sounds. Due to her social isolation, Genie did not learn language, motor skills, behavior, and social skills at the appropriate developmental period.
400
Name the first 4 stages (in order) of Erikson's theory.
What is Trust vs. Mistrust, Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt, Initiative vs. Guilt, Industry vs. Inferiority
400
Name 2 of the 4 misconceptions about English Language Learners.
What is (1) Learning a second language simply requires exposure to and interaction in the second language (2) All ELLs will learn English in the same way. (3) Good teaching for native speakers is good teaching for ELLs (4) Effective instruction means nonverbal support
400
Which environmental system was not originally part of Bronfrenbrenner's theory? (it was added later)
What is the chronosystem
500
Explain the difference between "syntax" and "semantics"
Syntax: the way words are combined to form acceptable phrases and sentences Semantics: the meaning of words and sentences
500
Explain the 2 main changes that occur in adolescents' brains.
What is (1) Myelin layer increases around the frontal cortex and (2) Synaptic pruning in the frontal cortex
500
Arthur starts to get out of his seat to sharpen his pencil without permission. He stops because he realizes that if he does, it will displease his teacher. According to Kohlberg’s theory of moral development, which level and stage is Arthur functioning?
What is Level 2 (conventional), stage 3 (Conformity and interpersonal accord)
500
What do BICS and CALP stand for? Which develops first?
What is Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills (BICS) and Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency (CALP). BICS develops first.
500
Name the 5 environmental systems in Bronfrenbrenner's ecological systems theory.
What is the microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, macrosystem, chronosystem