General Concepts
What is the difference between an approach and a method?
Approach = theory of language learning; Method = practical realization of an approach.
What are the two main focuses of the grammar-translation method?
Reading and writing.
How is grammar taught in the Direct Method?
Inductively (students discover rules from examples).
Which theory heavily influenced the Audio-lingual Method?
Behaviorist psychology (stimulus–response–reinforcement).
Who created Suggestopedia, and what was its main feature?
Georgi Lozanov; relaxation and music (Baroque) for superlearning.
What is a technique in teaching?
An individual way of organizing a learning procedure (e.g., demonstration, explanation).
Which language is mostly used in Grammar-Translation classes?
A) Target language only
B) Both target and mother tongue equally
C) Mother tongue, with little active use of target language
D) No language—only gestures
C) Mother tongue, with little active use of target language
Why is it called the "Direct Method"?
Because it connects foreign words directly with their meanings, without translation
What was the main practice technique in the Audio-lingual Method?
Drills and pattern practice.
What materials were used in the Silent Way?
Cuisenaire rods and color-coded charts.
Name two ways grammar can be taught.
Deductively and inductively.
According to this method, how should a foreign sentence be learned?
A) By memorizing it as a whole
B) By analyzing the mother tongue version grammatically and finding equivalents in the foreign language
C) By repeating it aloud many times
D) By miming actions
B) By analyzing the mother tongue version grammatically and finding equivalents in the foreign language
Which skill receives special emphasis from the beginning?
A) Reading classical texts
B) Memorizing vocabulary lists
C) Speaking
D) Translating written passages
C) Speaking
Which skills did it prioritize at the beginning?
Listening and speaking before reading and writing.
Who developed Total Physical Response (TPR), and what is its main principle?
James Asher; listening + physical action before speaking.
What are the four basic language skills?
→ Listening, speaking, reading, writing.
Which type of texts are typically used in Grammar-Translation classes?
A) Newspaper articles
B) Songs and poems
C) Classical literary texts (Dickens, Twain, etc.)
D) Short dialogues from daily life
C) Classical literary texts (Dickens, Twain, etc.)
What is the role of the mother tongue in the Direct Method?
It is never used in the classroom
What is the role of grammar in the Audio-Lingual Method?
A) Grammar rules are explained deductively
B) Grammar is taught inductively through pattern practice
C) Grammar is ignored completely
D) Grammar is only taught at the advanced level
B) Grammar is taught inductively through pattern practice
What is the main focus of humanistic approaches in language teaching?
A) Memorization of grammar rules
B) Development of reading speed
C) Learners’ feelings, motivation, and personal growth
D) Translation accuracy
C) Learners’ feelings, motivation, and personal growth
What is the main function of a method in teaching?
A) To provide entertainment
B) To explain grammar rules only
C) To govern or guide the learning process
D) To memorize vocabulary lists
C) To govern or guide the learning process
How is grammar usually taught in the Grammar-Translation Method?
C) Deductively (rules presented first, then practiced)
What is one main criticism of the Direct Method?
A) It focuses too much on translation
B) It is too time-consuming to mime or demonstrate every word
C) It uses too much mother tongue
D) It does not allow speaking practice
B) It is too time-consuming to mime or demonstrate every word
What is the teacher’s role in the Audio-Lingual Method?
A) A counselor and facilitator
B) Mostly silent, letting students discover rules
C) A strict director who controls drills and responses
D) A translator of texts
C) A strict director who controls drills and responses
Which of the following is a humanistic teaching method?
A) Grammar-Translation Method
B) Silent Way
C) Audio-Lingual Method
D) Direct Method
B) Silent Way