This includes knowing the names and the shapes of the letters as well as knowing the sounds each letter represents.
What is letter knowledge?
200
Print is print, no matter in what forms it appears.
Printed words are made up letters (concept of a word).
Sentences in print are made up of separate words.
Text is read from left to right with a return sweep to the next line.
What are conventions of print?
200
B-D, B-P, M-N
What are phonologically and visually similar letters?
200
The understanding of the relationship between phonemes and graphemes, the letters that represent the sounds in written language.
What is phonics?
200
An indistinct vowel sound--an empty vowel with no identity.
What is a schwa?
300
The smallest unit of spoken language that makes a difference in a word's meaning.
What is a phoneme?
300
Knows the parts of a book and how books are held and read.
Knows the difference between letters and words.
Knows that there are spaces between words in print.
What are three things kindergartners should know by the end of the year?
300
Students should be aware of proper: posture, paper position, and pencil grip.
What are handwriting habits?
300
A sound that can be pronounced only for an instant.
What is a stop sound?
300
Also known as vowel pairs. These pairs make one sound. (Examples: ai in bait, ee in feet, ie in pie)
What is a vowel digraph?
400
The awareness of the larger parts of spoken language, such as words, syllables, and onsets and rimes--as well as the smaller parts, phonemes.
What is phonological awareness?
400
Create a print-rich classroom environment.
Provide plenty of read-aloud experiences.
Embed print-referencing cues in shared storybook reading.
How do you promote print awareness?
400
AIMSweb Test of Early Literacy
Letter-Naming Fluency
Letter Sound Fluency
What is a screening/progress monitoring tool for Letter Knowledge?
400
Explicit
Systematic
Conducted in small groups
Need not last more than 20 hours over the school year
What is effective phonological awareness instruction?
400
A nonlinguistic term sometimes substituted for rime. In the word back, -ack is the phonogram; it is also the rime.
What is a phonogram?
500
The ability to detect, identify, and manipulate phonemes in spoken words.
What is phonemic awareness?
500
Ability to recognize that print carries meaning.
Ability to understand and use book-component vocabulary.
Ability to turn the pages in a book.
Ability to track text from left to right and top to bottom.
What are the benchmarks for Print Awareness?
500
The number of phonemes that pairs of letter names share in the same position.
What is phonological similarity?
500
DIBELS Next: First Sound Fluency (FSF), Phoneme Segmentation Fluency
What is a Phonological Awareness Assessment for Screening and/or progress monitoring?
500
Prefixes
Derivational suffixes
Inflectional suffixes
Greek roots
Latin roots