"Byte"-Sized Basics
(IT Concepts & Terminology)
(IT Concepts & Terminology)
This numerical system, using only 1s and 0s, is the fundamental language understood by all computers.
What is Base 2 (or Binary)?
This type of cable is commonly used for the transmission of data. It can be used to connect computers, switches, routers, access points and more.
Keeping software current with these helps protect against security threats & improves performance.
What are software updates?
Unlike scripting languages, this type of language requires translation into machine code before it can be executed.
What are compiled languages like C++, Java, or others?
This type of data is organized into rows and columns within a table structure.
What is relational data?
This is the measure of how many bits are transmitted across a connection each second, expressed in units like Kbps, Mbps, or Gbps.
What is Throughput?
These common devices are used as permanent forms of storage also known as non-volatile storage. Name 3
What is a Solid State Drive (SSD), Hard Disk Drive (HDD), Solid State Hard Drive (SSHD), Optical Media (Blu-ray, DVD, CD), Flash Storage (USB Flash Drive)
If a computer doesn't have enough of this, it may run slowly as it relies more on the hard drive for temporary storage.
What is RAM (Random Access Memory)?
These named storage locations hold values that can change during program execution.
What are variables in programming?
These are used to query, insert, update, and delete data within a database.
What are SQL commands?
While a byte consists of eight bits, this four-bit binary number represents the decimal value ten.
What is 1010?
This device sits at the center of most networks, examining data packets and forwarding them only to the intended recipient's port (MAC Address).
What is a network switch
One of these tells the computer what to do, while the other holds the information it works with.
What is the difference between a program and a file?
This low-level language uses mnemonics to represent machine instructions, requiring a separate program to translate it into executable code.
What is assembly language?
This type of database allows for storing unstructured or semi-structured data, often in a document-like format.
What is a NoSQL database?
To be useful, a computer must reliably handle data through these four stages.
What are Input, Processing, Output, and Storage?
One of these memory types is "volatile," meaning it requires constant power to retain information, while the other provides long-term, non-volatile storage.
What is Random Access Memory (RAM) and Read Only Memory(ROM)?
This improves performance by reducing latency and bandwidth usage when accessing commonly requested content.
What is web browser caching?
This data structure stores a fixed-size collection of elements of the same type in contiguous memory locations.
What is an array?
This type of key uniquely identifies each record within a table, ensuring no two records are exactly alike.
What is a primary key?
Computers operate using these fundamental components – one being a single binary digit, the other comprised of eight of them.
What are a bit and a byte?
Before diving into complex diagnostics, these two things must be verified when a computer fails to power on.
What is checking the power cord connection and verifying the power supply is functioning?
Unwanted pop-up ads often indicate this type of software has been installed without the user's knowledge.
What is adware or malware?
This dynamic data structure can grow or shrink as needed, managing its own memory allocation for storing elements.
What is a vector?
This security measure restricts access to specific data based on user roles and permissions.
What is database access control or role-based access control?